Wang M, Huang Y, Wu Z
Department of Mathematics, Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Bull Math Biol. 2016 Mar;78(3):531-55. doi: 10.1007/s11538-016-0153-5. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
Evolution of cooperation has been an active research area in evolutionary biology in decades. An important type of cooperation is developed from group selection, when individuals form spatial groups to prevent them from foreign invasions. In this paper, we study the evolution of cooperation in a mixed population of cooperating and cheating yeast strains in 2D with the interactions among the yeast cells restricted to their small neighborhoods. We conduct a computer simulation based on a game theoretic model and show that cooperation is increased when the interactions are spatially restricted, whether the game is of a prisoner's dilemma, snow drifting, or mutual benefit type. We study the evolution of homogeneous groups of cooperators or cheaters and describe the conditions for them to sustain or expand in an opponent population. We show that under certain spatial restrictions, cooperator groups are able to sustain and expand as group sizes become large, while cheater groups fail to expand and keep them from collapse.
几十年来，合作的进化一直是进化生物学中一个活跃的研究领域。一种重要的合作类型源于群体选择，即个体形成空间群体以防止外来入侵。在本文中，我们研究了二维空间中合作型和欺骗型酵母菌株混合群体中合作的进化，酵母细胞之间的相互作用仅限于其小邻域。我们基于博弈论模型进行了计算机模拟，结果表明，无论博弈是囚徒困境、雪堆博弈还是互利类型，当相互作用在空间上受到限制时，合作都会增加。我们研究了合作者或欺骗者同质性群体的进化，并描述了它们在对手群体中维持或扩张的条件。我们表明，在一定的空间限制下，随着群体规模变大，合作者群体能够维持并扩张，而欺骗者群体则无法扩张并避免崩溃。
