Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2016 Apr;47(4):250-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.12.021. Epub 2016 Feb 21.
The continuing increase in multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) worldwide has created new challenges in treating complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). A number of novel antimicrobial agents have been developed against resistant pathogens. To target extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens, novel β-lactam antibiotics, such as ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, aztreonam/avibactam, imipenem/relebactam and S-649266, are antimicrobial alternatives for cIAIs. Two new drugs, eravacycline and plazomicin, have activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and ESBL-producers. New lipoglycopeptides and oxazolidinones provide feasible options against resistant Gram-positive pathogens. These novel antimicrobials may play a role in improving the clinical outcomes of cIAIs caused by MDROs.
全球范围内耐多药生物体（MDRO）的持续增加给治疗复杂腹腔内感染（cIAI）带来了新的挑战。针对耐药病原体已经开发了许多新型抗菌药物。为了针对产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的病原体，新型β-内酰胺类抗生素，如头孢洛扎/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶/阿维巴坦、阿兹霉素/阿维巴坦、亚胺培南/雷巴坦和 S-649266，是 cIAI 的抗菌替代药物。两种新型药物依拉环素和普拉佐米星对产碳青霉烯酶肺炎克雷伯菌（KPC）的肺炎克雷伯菌、碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌和 ESBL 产生菌具有活性。新型糖肽类和恶唑烷酮类药物为治疗耐药革兰氏阳性病原体提供了可行的选择。这些新型抗菌药物可能在改善 MDRO 引起的 cIAI 的临床结局方面发挥作用。
