Sanches Jonas R, França Lucas M, Chagas Vinicyus T, Gaspar Renato S, Dos Santos Kayque A, Gonçalves Luciana M, Sloboda Deborah M, Holloway Alison C, Dutra Richard P, Carneiro Everardo M, Cappelli Ana Paula G, Paes Antonio Marcus de A
Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão São Luís, Brazil.
Laboratory of Endocrine Pancreas and Metabolism, Department of Estructural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil.
Front Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 10;7:48. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00048. eCollection 2016.
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) has been traditionally used to treat a number of illnesses. Ethnopharmacological studies have particularly addressed antidiabetic and metabolic-related effects of extracts prepared from its different parts, especially seed, and pulp-fruit, however. there is a lack of studies on phytochemical profile and biological properties of its leaf. As there is considerable interest in bioactive compounds to treat metabolic syndrome and its clustered risk factors, we sought to characterize the metabolic effects of hydroethanolic extract of S. cumini leaf (HESc) on lean and monosodium L-glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats. HPLC-MS/MS characterization of the HESc polyphenolic profile, at 254 nm, identified 15 compounds pertaining to hydrolysable tannin and flavanol subclasses. At 60 days of age, both groups were randomly assigned to receive HESc (500 mg/kg) or vehicle for 30 days. At the end of treatment, obese+HESc exhibited significantly lower body weight gain, body mass index, and white adipose tissue mass, compared to obese rats receiving vehicle. Obese rats treated with HESc showed a twofold increase in lipolytic activity in the periepididymal fat pad, as well as, brought triglyceride levels in serum, liver and skeletal muscle back to levels close those found in lean animals. Furthermore, HESc also improved hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese+HESc rats, which resulted in partial reversal of glucose intolerance, as compared to obese rats. HESc had no effect in lean rats. Assessment of ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion showed HESc potentiated pancreatic function in islets isolated from both lean and obese rats treated with HESc. In addition, HESc (10-1000 μg/mL) increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion from both isolated rat islets and INS-1E β-cells. These data demonstrate that S. cumini leaf improved peripheral insulin sensitivity via stimulating/modulating β-cell insulin release, which was associated with improvements in metabolic outcomes in MSG-induced obese rats.
乌墨（学名：Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels，桃金娘科）在传统医学中被用于治疗多种疾病。民族药理学研究特别关注了从其不同部位（尤其是种子和果肉）提取的提取物的抗糖尿病和代谢相关作用。然而，关于其叶片的植物化学特征和生物学特性的研究却很缺乏。由于人们对治疗代谢综合征及其聚集的危险因素的生物活性化合物有着浓厚的兴趣，我们试图研究乌墨叶水乙醇提取物（HESc）对正常和谷氨酸单钠（MSG）诱导的肥胖大鼠的代谢影响。在254nm波长下，通过HPLC-MS/MS对HESc的多酚谱进行表征，鉴定出15种属于可水解单宁和黄烷醇亚类的化合物。在60日龄时，将两组大鼠随机分为接受HESc（500mg/kg）或赋形剂处理30天。治疗结束时，与接受赋形剂的肥胖大鼠相比，肥胖+HESc组的体重增加、体重指数和白色脂肪组织质量显著降低。用HESc处理的肥胖大鼠附睾周围脂肪垫的脂解活性增加了两倍，同时使血清、肝脏和骨骼肌中的甘油三酯水平恢复到接近正常动物的水平。此外，与肥胖大鼠相比，HESc还改善了肥胖+HESc大鼠的高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗，部分逆转了葡萄糖不耐受。HESc对正常大鼠没有影响。体外葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌的评估表明，HESc增强了从接受HESc处理的正常和肥胖大鼠分离的胰岛的胰腺功能。此外，HESc（10-1000μg/mL）增加了分离的大鼠胰岛和INS-1Eβ细胞的葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌。这些数据表明，乌墨叶通过刺激/调节β细胞胰岛素释放改善了外周胰岛素敏感性，这与MSG诱导的肥胖大鼠的代谢改善有关。
