吉马大学教学医院门诊患者的代谢综合征及相关因素
Metabolic syndrome and associated factors among outpatients of Jimma University Teaching Hospital.
作者信息
Abda Edris, Hamza Leja, Tessema Fasil, Cheneke Waqtola
机构信息
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2016 Mar 4;9:47-53. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S97561. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND
Developing countries are now experiencing the epidemiologic transition, whereby the burden of chronic diseases, like metabolic syndrome, is increasing. However, no study had previously been conducted to show the status of metabolic syndrome among outpatients of Jimma University Teaching Hospital. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among adult (≥20 years) patients.
METHODS
A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in July 2014 among adult (≥20 years) patients attending Jimma University Teaching Hospital, outpatient department. All patients attending the outpatient department and were willing to participate in the study were included. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were undertaken for all the study subjects to know the status of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was identified using the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 225 participants were included in the study, of whom 106 (47.1%) were males and 119 (52.9%) were females. A total of 59 (26%) adults were found to have metabolic syndrome, which was seen more than twice as much in females, 42 (35%), as compared with males, 17 (16%), (P<0.01). The most frequent metabolic syndrome parameters were hypertension (45%), hyperglycemia (39%), decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (31%), central obesity (26%), and elevated triglycerides (18%). Elevated blood pressure is more common in females (44.5%) than in males (34.9%). Decreased HDL-cholesterol was observed among 37% of females versus 24% males (P<0.001) and 6% of males versus 45% females had central obesity (P<0.001). Hypertension and body mass index were significantly lower among males (35% and 14%) than females (45% and 41%) (P<0.01 and P<0.001), respectively.
CONCLUSION
It is demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is prevalent in adult outpatients in Jimma and increases as age increases; it is more common among females than males. Among the five diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and low HDL-cholesterol were the most prevalent. As metabolic syndrome is rising at an alarming rate, we recommend that relevant prevention, diagnostics, and therapy in adult outpatients are undertaken.
背景
发展中国家目前正经历流行病学转变，即代谢综合征等慢性病的负担正在增加。然而，此前尚未有研究表明吉姆马大学教学医院门诊患者中代谢综合征的状况。因此，本研究旨在确定成年（≥20岁）患者中代谢综合征的患病率及相关因素。
方法
2014年7月，在吉姆马大学教学医院门诊部对成年（≥20岁）患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。纳入所有到门诊部就诊且愿意参与研究的患者。对所有研究对象进行人体测量和生化检测，以了解代谢综合征的状况。采用美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗组第三次报告的标准来确定代谢综合征。
结果
本研究共纳入225名参与者，其中男性106名（47.1%），女性119名（52.9%）。共有59名（26%）成年人被发现患有代谢综合征，女性患者的患病率（42名，35%）是男性患者（17名，16%）的两倍多（P<0.01）。最常见的代谢综合征指标为高血压（45%）、高血糖（39%）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）降低（31%）、中心性肥胖（26%）和甘油三酯升高（18%）。女性高血压（44.5%）比男性（34.9%）更常见。女性HDL胆固醇降低的比例为37%，男性为24%（P<0.001），男性中心性肥胖的比例为6%，女性为45%（P<0.001）。男性高血压和体重指数分别显著低于女性（35%和14%对比45%和41%）（P<0.01和P<0.001）。
结论
结果表明，代谢综合征在吉姆马的成年门诊患者中普遍存在，且随年龄增长而增加；女性比男性更常见。在代谢综合征的五项诊断标准中，高血压、高血糖和低HDL胆固醇最为普遍。由于代谢综合征正以惊人的速度上升，我们建议对成年门诊患者采取相关的预防、诊断和治疗措施。
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