Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 May 14;23(1):457. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05411-9.
Individuals with locomotive syndrome (LS) require nursing care services owing to problems with locomotion and the musculoskeletal system. Individuals with LS generally have a reduced walking speed compared with those without LS. However, differences in lower-limb kinematics and gait between individuals with and without LS are not fully understood. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of the gait kinematics of individuals with LS using wearable sensors.
We assessed 125 participants (mean age 73.0 ± 6.7 years) who used a public health promotion facility. Based on the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), these participants were grouped into the non-LS (GLFS-25 < 7), LS-stage 1 (GLFS-25 7-16), and LS-stage 2 (GLFS-25 ≥ 16) groups (larger GLFS-25 scores indicate worse locomotive ability). Spatiotemporal parameters and lower-limb kinematics during the 10-m walk test were analyzed by the "H-Gait system", which is a motion analysis system that was developed by the authors and is based on seven inertial sensors. The peak joint angles during the stance and swing phases, as well as the gait speed, cadence, and step length were compared among all groups.
There were 69 participants in the non-LS group, 33 in the LS-stage 1 group, and 23 in the LS-stage 2 group. Compared with the non-LS group, the LS-stage 2 group showed significantly smaller peak angles of hip extension (9.5 ± 5.3° vs 4.2 ± 8.2°, P = 0.002), hip flexion (34.2 ± 8.8° vs 28.5 ± 9.5°, P = 0.026), and knee flexion (65.2 ± 18.7° vs 50.6 ± 18.5°, P = 0.005). The LS-stage 1 and LS-stage 2 groups had a significantly slower mean gait speed than the non-LS group (non-LS: 1.3 ± 0.2 m/s, LS-stage 1: 1.2 ± 0.2 m/s, LS-stage 2: 1.1 ± 0.2 m/s, P < 0.001).
The LS-stage 2 group showed significantly different lower-limb kinematics compared with the non-LS group, including smaller peak angles of hip extension, hip flexion, and knee flexion. It would be useful to assess and improve these small peak joint angles during gait for individuals classified as LS-stage 2.
由于运动和骨骼肌肉系统的问题，患有运动障碍症（LS）的个体需要护理服务。与没有 LS 的个体相比，LS 个体的步行速度通常较慢。然而，患有 LS 和没有 LS 的个体之间的下肢运动学和步态差异尚未完全清楚。本研究旨在使用可穿戴传感器阐明 LS 个体的步态运动学特征。
我们评估了 125 名（平均年龄 73.0±6.7 岁）使用公共健康促进设施的参与者。根据 25 项老年运动功能量表（GLFS-25），这些参与者被分为非 LS（GLFS-25<7）、LS 阶段 1（GLFS-25 7-16）和 LS 阶段 2（GLFS-25≥16）组（较大的 GLFS-25 分数表示较差的运动能力）。通过作者开发的基于七个惯性传感器的运动分析系统“ H-Gait 系统”分析 10 米步行测试期间的时空参数和下肢运动学。比较所有组之间的站立和摆动阶段的峰值关节角度以及步行速度、步频和步长。
非 LS 组有 69 名参与者，LS 阶段 1 组有 33 名参与者，LS 阶段 2 组有 23 名参与者。与非 LS 组相比，LS 阶段 2 组的髋关节伸展（9.5±5.3° vs 4.2±8.2°，P=0.002）、髋关节屈曲（34.2±8.8° vs 28.5±9.5°，P=0.026）和膝关节屈曲（65.2±18.7° vs 50.6±18.5°，P=0.005）的峰值角度明显较小。LS 阶段 1 和 LS 阶段 2 组的平均步行速度明显慢于非 LS 组（非 LS：1.3±0.2 m/s，LS 阶段 1：1.2±0.2 m/s，LS 阶段 2：1.1±0.2 m/s，P<0.001）。
与非 LS 组相比，LS 阶段 2 组的下肢运动学明显不同，包括髋关节伸展、髋关节屈曲和膝关节屈曲的峰值角度较小。评估和改善 LS 阶段 2 个体的这些小峰值关节角度将是有用的。
