Nishimura Tomohiro, Imai Aiko, Fujimoto Masahiro, Kurihara Toshiyuki, Kagawa Kentaro, Nagata Taketoyo, Sanada Kiyoshi
Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University: 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
Osaka College of Rehabilitation, Japan.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2020 Mar;32(3):227-232. doi: 10.1589/jpts.32.227. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate whether the coexistence of locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia is associated with the risk of fall or performance of activities of daily living in elderly females. [Participants and Methods] We categorized 112 Japanese elderly female participants under three groups: control, locomotive syndrome, and locomotive syndrome and co-existing sarcopenia. We compared the groups based on the mean scores of anthropometric and physical function measurements, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence to evaluate activities of daily living. [Results] The Timed Up and Go test score significantly differed among the groups. The score of the Timed Up and Go test significantly correlated with scores of the skeletal muscle mass index, skeletal muscle strength grading, and usual gait speed. The total score of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence significantly decreased in all the groups. [Conclusion] The coexistence of locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of fall and worsened performance of activities of daily living. Further, the risk of fall is associated with the skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle strength, and gait speed. It seems likely that, compared to sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome is more sensitive to lower limb dysfunctions.
[目的]本研究旨在调查老年女性中运动机能综合征与肌肉减少症并存是否与跌倒风险或日常生活活动能力相关。[参与者与方法]我们将112名日本老年女性参与者分为三组：对照组、运动机能综合征组以及运动机能综合征与肌肉减少症并存组。我们基于人体测量和身体功能测量的平均得分、计时起立行走测试以及东京都老人综合研究所能力指数来比较各组，以评估日常生活活动能力。[结果]计时起立行走测试得分在各组间存在显著差异。计时起立行走测试得分与骨骼肌质量指数、骨骼肌力量分级以及通常步态速度得分显著相关。东京都老人综合研究所能力指数的总分在所有组中均显著下降。[结论]运动机能综合征与肌肉减少症并存与跌倒风险增加及日常生活活动能力恶化相关。此外，跌倒风险与骨骼肌质量、骨骼肌力量及步态速度相关。与肌肉减少症相比，运动机能综合征似乎对下肢功能障碍更为敏感。
