Jaillon Sébastien, Ponzetta Andrea, Magrini Elena, Barajon Isabella, Barbagallo Marialuisa, Garlanda Cecilia, Mantovani Alberto
Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Semin Immunol. 2016 Apr;28(2):109-18. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.03.005. Epub 2016 Mar 25.
The innate immune system comprises both a cellular and a humoral arm. Neutrophils are key effector cells of the immune and inflammatory responses and have emerged as a major source of humoral pattern recognition molecules (PRMs). These molecules, which include collectins, ficolins, and pentraxins, are specialised in the discrimination of self versus non-self and modified-self and share basic multifunctional properties including recognition and opsonisation of pathogens and apoptotic cells, activation and regulation of the complement cascade and tuning of inflammation. Neutrophils act as a reservoir of ready-made soluble PRMs, such as the long pentraxin PTX3, the peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-S, properdin and M-ficolin, which are stored in neutrophil granules and are involved in neutrophil effector functions. In addition, other soluble PRMs, such as members of the collectin family, are not expressed in neutrophils but can modulate neutrophil-dependent immune responses. Therefore, soluble PRMs are an essential part of the innate immune response and retain antibody-like effector functions. Here, we will review the expression and general function of soluble PRMs, focusing our attention on molecules involved in neutrophil effector functions.
固有免疫系统由细胞和体液两部分组成。中性粒细胞是免疫和炎症反应的关键效应细胞，已成为体液模式识别分子（PRM）的主要来源。这些分子包括凝集素、纤维胶凝蛋白和五聚素，专门用于区分自身与非自身以及修饰自身，并具有基本的多功能特性，包括识别和调理病原体及凋亡细胞、激活和调节补体级联反应以及调节炎症。中性粒细胞作为现成的可溶性PRM的储存库，如长五聚素PTX3、肽聚糖识别蛋白PGRP-S、备解素和M-纤维胶凝蛋白，它们储存在中性粒细胞颗粒中并参与中性粒细胞效应功能。此外，其他可溶性PRM，如凝集素家族成员，在中性粒细胞中不表达，但可调节中性粒细胞依赖性免疫反应。因此，可溶性PRM是固有免疫反应的重要组成部分，并保留类似抗体的效应功能。在这里，我们将综述可溶性PRM的表达和一般功能，重点关注参与中性粒细胞效应功能的分子。
