细胞外囊泡的分离与表征：迈向临床应用
Extracellular vesicle isolation and characterization: toward clinical application.
作者信息
Xu Rong, Greening David W, Zhu Hong-Jian, Takahashi Nobuhiro, Simpson Richard J
出版信息
J Clin Invest. 2016 Apr 1;126(4):1152-62. doi: 10.1172/JCI81129.
Abstract
Two broad categories of extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes and shed microvesicles (sMVs), which differ in size distribution as well as protein and RNA profiles, have been described. EVs are known to play key roles in cell-cell communication, acting proximally as well as systemically. This Review discusses the nature of EV subtypes, strategies for isolating EVs from both cell-culture media and body fluids, and procedures for quantifying EVs. We also discuss proteins selectively enriched in exosomes and sMVs that have the potential for use as markers to discriminate between EV subtypes, as well as various applications of EVs in clinical diagnosis.
摘要
细胞外囊泡（EVs）可分为两大类，即外泌体和脱落微囊泡（sMVs），它们在大小分布以及蛋白质和RNA谱方面存在差异。已知EVs在细胞间通讯中发挥关键作用，可在局部和全身发挥作用。本综述讨论了EV亚型的性质、从细胞培养基和体液中分离EVs的策略以及EVs的定量方法。我们还讨论了在外泌体和sMVs中选择性富集的蛋白质，这些蛋白质有可能用作区分EV亚型的标志物，以及EVs在临床诊断中的各种应用。
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