Kumar Neeraj, Ambasankar Kondusamy, Krishnani Kishore Kumar, Bhushan Shashi, Minhas Paramjit Singh
ICAR - National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune, India.
ICAR - Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016 Sep;119(3):297-308. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.12589. Epub 2016 May 30.
The amelioration effect of water-soluble vitamin pyridoxine against stress was evaluated in milkfish, Chanos chanos exposed to endosulfan. Two hundred and twenty-five fish were distributed randomly into five treatments, each with three replicates. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with graded levels of pyridoxine feed were as follows: normal water and fed with control diet (En0/PY0); endosulfan-treated water and fed with control diet (En/PY0); and endosulfan-treated water and fed with 50 (En/PY 50 mg/kg), 75 (En/PY 75 mg/kg) and 100 mg/kg (En/PY 100 mg/kg) pyridoxine-supplemented feed. The endosulfan in treated water was maintained at a level of 1/40th of LC50 (0.52 ppb). The effect of dietary pyridoxine supplementation was studied in terms of antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase), stress markers [heat-shock protein 70, caspase-3, cortisol, acetylcholine esterase (AChE), blood glucose], immunohaematological parameters (total protein, albumin, globulin and A/G ratio, nitroblue tetrazolium, RBC, WBC, Hb), gill histopathology and a subsequent challenge study with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The antioxidative enzymes, stress markers, albumin and A/G ratio were significantly (p < 0.01) elevated, brain AChE and immunohaematological parameters were significantly (p < 0.01) decreased, and chromosome aberration and gill histopathology were also altered due to endosulfan exposure. The relative survival % was reduced due to the combined effect of endosulfan stress and bacterial challenge. Fish fed the diet supplemented with pyridoxine at 75 and 100 mg/kg was found to restore the studied parameter towards normal compared with control and indicated protection against endosulfan-induced stress significantly (p < 0.01). Results obtained in the present study indicate that the supplementation of 75 and 100 mg/kg of pyridoxine in the diet has a definitive role in the mitigation of the endosulfan-induced stress in milkfish, C. chanos fingerlings.
在暴露于硫丹的遮目鱼（Chanos chanos）中评估了水溶性维生素吡哆醇对压力的改善作用。225条鱼被随机分配到5种处理中，每种处理有3个重复。四种等热量、等氮且吡哆醇含量分级的饲料如下：正常水环境并投喂对照饲料（En0/PY0）；硫丹处理的水环境并投喂对照饲料（En/PY0）；硫丹处理的水环境并投喂添加了50（En/PY 50 mg/kg）、75（En/PY 75 mg/kg）和100 mg/kg（En/PY 100 mg/kg）吡哆醇的饲料。处理水中的硫丹维持在半数致死浓度（LC50）的1/40水平（0.52 ppb）。从抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）、应激标志物[热休克蛋白70、半胱天冬酶-3、皮质醇、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、血糖]、免疫血液学参数（总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和A/G比值、硝基蓝四唑、红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白）、鳃组织病理学以及随后用副溶血性弧菌进行的攻毒试验等方面研究了日粮中添加吡哆醇的效果。抗氧化酶、应激标志物、白蛋白和A/G比值显著（p < 0.01）升高，脑AChE和免疫血液学参数显著（p < 0.01）降低，并且由于暴露于硫丹，染色体畸变和鳃组织病理学也发生了改变。由于硫丹应激和细菌攻毒的联合作用，相对存活率降低。与对照组相比，投喂添加了75和100 mg/kg吡哆醇饲料的鱼被发现能使所研究的参数恢复正常，并显示出对硫丹诱导的应激有显著保护作用（p < 0.01）。本研究获得的结果表明，日粮中添加75和100 mg/kg的吡哆醇在减轻遮目鱼幼鱼中硫丹诱导的应激方面具有决定性作用。
