Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Blv. "Zog I", 1000, Tirana, Albania.
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie Str., 6, 1419890, Dubna, Russia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jul;23(14):14087-101. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6509-4. Epub 2016 Apr 5.
Rare earth elements (REEs) are typically conservative elements that are scarcely derived from anthropogenic sources. The mobilization of REEs in the environment requires the monitoring of these elements in environmental matrices, in which they are present at trace level. The determination of 11 REEs in carpet-forming moss species (Hypnum cupressiforme) collected from 44 sampling sites over the whole territory of the country were done by using epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA) at IBR-2 fast pulsed reactor in Dubna. This paper is focused on REEs (lanthanides) and Sc. Fe as typical consistent element and Th that appeared good correlations between the elements of lanthanides are included in this paper. Th, Sc, and REEs were never previously determined in the air deposition of Albania. Descriptive statistics were used for data treatment using MINITAB 17 software package. The median values of the elements under investigation were compared with those of the neighboring countries such as Bulgaria, Macedonia, Romania, and Serbia, as well as Norway which is selected as a clean area. Geographical distribution maps of the elements over the sampled territory were constructed using geographic information system (GIS) technology. Geochemical behavior of REEs in moss samples has been studied by using the ternary diagram of Sc-La-Th, Spider diagrams and multivariate analysis. It was revealed that the accumulation of REEs in current mosses is associated with the wind-blowing metal-enriched soils that is pointed out as the main emitting factor of the elements under investigation.
稀土元素（REEs）通常是保守元素，很少来自人为源。REEs 在环境中的迁移需要监测环境基质中的这些元素，因为它们在环境基质中以痕量存在。在杜布纳的 IBR-2 快脉冲反应堆中，使用热中子活化分析（ENAA）对从全国 44 个采样点采集的形成地毯的苔藓物种（Hypnum cupressiforme）中的 11 种 REEs 进行了测定。本文主要关注 REEs（镧系元素）和 Sc. Fe 作为典型的一致元素，以及 Th。在阿尔巴尼亚的空气沉积中，从未测定过 Th、Sc 和 REEs。使用 MINITAB 17 软件包对数据进行处理时使用了描述性统计。所研究元素的中位数与保加利亚、马其顿、罗马尼亚和塞尔维亚等邻国以及挪威（作为清洁区选择）的元素中位数进行了比较。使用地理信息系统（GIS）技术绘制了采样区域内元素的地理分布图。通过使用 Sc-La-Th 的三元图、蜘蛛图和多元分析研究了苔藓样品中 REEs 的地球化学行为。结果表明，当前苔藓中 REEs 的积累与风吹富金属土壤有关，这表明这是研究元素的主要排放因素。
