Kmieciak Wioletta, Ciszewski Marcin, Szewczyk Eligia M
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi / Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland (Zakład Mikrobiologii Farmaceutycznej i Diagnostyki Mikrobiologicznej / Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics).
Med Pr. 2016;67(1):73-87. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00264.
The article presents an overview of diagnostics of tick-borne diseases in Poland, which form one of the most prevalent group of occupational illnesses in the Polish area. This is a current issue due to a constantly growing number of tick-borne infections, i.e., Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, tularemia, Q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and babesiosis. The scale of the problem is well illustrated by the latest reports of the Polish National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH - NIH). The article also covers the taxonomy of vectors of etiological factors, as well as their reservoirs and possible transmission to humans. The highest risk of tick-borne infection is particularly connected with people either resting or working in the forest or meadow surroundings (i.e., foresters, farmers, hunters). The article contains up-to-date data on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, symptomatology, laboratory medicine and factors affecting the credibility of results according to current recommendations of the Polish Society of Epidemiology and Physicians of Infectious Diseases and the Polish National Chamber of Laboratory Diagnosticians. The presented review focuses on modern laboratory techniques used in difficult diagnostics of tick-borne diseases, mainly diagnostics algorithms, pre-analytical phase (type of biological material) and analytical phase of diagnostics (reference methods, efficacy of different techniques, interfering factors, proper diagnostic procedures).
本文概述了波兰蜱传疾病的诊断情况，蜱传疾病是波兰地区最常见的职业病群体之一。由于蜱传感染（即莱姆病、蜱传脑炎、兔热病、Q热、人粒细胞无形体病和巴贝斯虫病）的数量不断增加，这是一个当前的问题。波兰国家公共卫生研究所 - 国家卫生研究所（NIPH - NIH）的最新报告很好地说明了该问题的规模。本文还涵盖了病因因素载体的分类学，以及它们的宿主和可能传播给人类的途径。蜱传感染的最高风险尤其与在森林或草地环境中休息或工作的人（即森林工人、农民、猎人）有关。根据波兰流行病学和传染病医师协会以及波兰国家实验室诊断医师商会的当前建议，本文包含了有关流行病学、病因发病机制、症状学、检验医学以及影响结果可信度的因素的最新数据。本综述重点关注蜱传疾病疑难诊断中使用的现代实验室技术，主要是诊断算法、分析前阶段（生物材料类型）和诊断分析阶段（参考方法、不同技术的效能、干扰因素、正确的诊断程序）。
