Nemmi Federico, Boccia Maddalena, Guariglia Cecilia
a Department of Neuroscience , Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden.
b Department of Psychology , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2017 Jan;24(1):29-44. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1167162. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
A decline in navigational abilities is a consistent feature of aging. Although many studies focused on recall of navigational information, the impact of time and type of learning on recall has received little attention. We submitted older adults and young participants to an extensive training of an ecological environment, from both route and survey perspectives. Then, we tested participants' learning using from both route and survey perspectives. Although older adults benefit from the extensive training, they did not reach the same performance of the young participants. Despite this main effect of age, the effect of the type of learning was the same in the two groups. Congruence between type of learning and recall led to better performance in both groups. We discuss these findings in the light of cognitive models of human navigation and aging. Useful suggestions about how these findings may inform a specific cognitive intervention in older adults are also provided.
导航能力下降是衰老的一个持续特征。尽管许多研究关注导航信息的回忆，但时间和学习类型对回忆的影响却很少受到关注。我们让老年人和年轻参与者从路线和俯瞰两个角度对一个生态环境进行了广泛的训练。然后，我们从路线和俯瞰两个角度测试了参与者的学习情况。尽管老年人从广泛训练中受益，但他们没有达到年轻参与者的表现水平。尽管存在年龄的这个主要影响，但学习类型在两组中的影响是相同的。学习类型和回忆之间的一致性在两组中都带来了更好的表现。我们根据人类导航和衰老的认知模型来讨论这些发现。还提供了关于这些发现如何为针对老年人的特定认知干预提供信息的有用建议。
