Bureau of Labor Statistics, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE, Room 3180, Washington, DC 20212 USA.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Safety Research, 1095 Willowdale Road, Mail Stop H-1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2016 Jul;92:97-106. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.02.004. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
Motor vehicle traffic crashes (MVTCs) remain the leading cause of work-related fatal injuries in the United States, with crashes on public roadways accounting for 25% of all work-related deaths in 2012. In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) provides accurate counts of fatal work injuries based on confirmation of work relationship from multiple sources, while the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) provides detailed data on fatal MVTCs based on police reports. Characterization of fatal work-related MVTCs is currently limited by data sources that lack either data on potential risk factors (CFOI) or work-relatedness confirmation and employment characteristics (FARS). BLS and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) collaborated to analyze a merged data file created by BLS using CFOI and FARS data. A matching algorithm was created to link 2010 data from CFOI and FARS using date of incident and other case characteristics, allowing for flexibility in variables to address coding discrepancies. Using the matching algorithm, 953 of the 1044 CFOI "Highway" cases (91%) for 2010 were successfully linked to FARS. Further analysis revealed systematic differences between cases identified as work-related by both systems and by CFOI alone. Among cases identified as work-related by CFOI alone, the fatally-injured worker was considerably more likely to have been employed outside the transportation and warehousing industry or transportation-related occupations, and to have been the occupant of a vehicle other than a heavy truck. This study is the first step of a collaboration between BLS, NHTSA, and NIOSH to improve the completeness and quality of data on fatal work-related MVTCs. It has demonstrated the feasibility and value of matching data on fatal work-related traffic crashes from CFOI and FARS. The results will lead to improvements in CFOI and FARS case capture, while also providing researchers with a better description of fatal work-related MVTCs than would be available from the two data sources separately.
机动车交通碰撞（MVTC）仍然是美国职业性致命伤害的主要原因，2012 年，公共道路上的碰撞导致了所有与工作相关的死亡人数的 25%。在美国，劳工统计局（BLS）职业性致命伤害普查（CFOI）根据多方来源确认工作关系，提供职业性致命伤害的准确计数，而国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）致命事故分析报告系统（FARS）根据警方报告提供致命 MVTC 的详细数据。目前，致命与工作相关的 MVTC 的特征受到数据来源的限制，这些数据来源缺乏潜在危险因素的数据（CFOI）或工作相关性确认和就业特征（FARS）。BLS 和国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）合作，分析了 BLS 使用 CFOI 和 FARS 数据创建的合并数据文件。创建了一个匹配算法，使用事故日期和其他案例特征将 2010 年 CFOI 和 FARS 的数据进行链接，从而在解决编码差异时灵活使用变量。使用匹配算法，成功链接了 2010 年 CFOI“公路”案例中的 953 个案例（91%）与 FARS。进一步的分析揭示了两个系统和 CFOI 单独识别的工作相关案例之间存在系统差异。在 CFOI 单独识别为工作相关的案例中，致命受伤的工人更有可能在运输和仓储行业或运输相关职业之外就业，并且更有可能是除重型卡车以外的车辆的乘客。这项研究是 BLS、NHTSA 和 NIOSH 之间合作的第一步，旨在提高致命与工作相关 MVTC 数据的完整性和质量。它证明了从 CFOI 和 FARS 匹配致命与工作相关的交通碰撞数据的可行性和价值。研究结果将改进 CFOI 和 FARS 的案例捕获，同时为研究人员提供比两个数据源单独提供的更详细的致命与工作相关 MVTC 描述。
