Norman Lisa R, Kumar Anil
AIDS Research Program, Department of Microbiology Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, PR 00732.
AIDS Research Program, Department of Microbiology Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, PR 00732; Laboratory of Viral Immunology, Department of Microbiology Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, PR 00732; Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64108.
Am J Infect Dis. 2006;2(2):67-73. doi: 10.3844/ajidsp.2006.67.73.
In the last decade, it has become increasingly apparent that neuropsychological deficits and impairments are associated with HIV infection. Given that antiretroviral therapies have extended the life expectancy of HIV-infected persons, it becomes critical to focus on the physical and mental health of these patients. Understanding the neuropsychology of HIV disease can provide insight into improving mental health, functional capacity and overall quality of life for persons living with HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, clinicians may be better able to assist patients to manage their symptoms, thereby increasing the number of patients who are able to successfully maintain difficult treatment schedules. In addition, it is equally important to understand the potentially exacerbating effects of various factors. One such factor is substance abuse, which has been associated with various neuropsychological impairments, irrespective of the substance of abuse. Therefore, a more complete understanding of the effects of substance abuse on the progression of impaired cognitive processes and functioning can allow for an enhanced evaluation and management of those patients who live with HIV disease and who suffer from substance abuse disorders. As such, the present paper provides an overview of the neuropsychology of HIV and substance abuse, as well as of the available research that has examined the potential interaction effects between HIV disease and substance abuse. The implications of the findings as well as directions for future research are discussed.
在过去十年中，神经心理学缺陷和损伤与艾滋病毒感染之间的关联日益明显。鉴于抗逆转录病毒疗法延长了艾滋病毒感染者的预期寿命，关注这些患者的身心健康变得至关重要。了解艾滋病毒疾病的神经心理学有助于深入了解如何改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的心理健康、功能能力和整体生活质量。此外，临床医生或许能够更好地帮助患者管理症状，从而增加能够成功维持复杂治疗方案的患者数量。此外，了解各种因素的潜在加剧作用同样重要。其中一个因素是药物滥用，无论滥用何种药物，它都与各种神经心理学损伤有关。因此，更全面地了解药物滥用对认知过程和功能受损进展的影响，有助于加强对那些患有艾滋病毒疾病且患有药物滥用障碍的患者的评估和管理。因此，本文概述了艾滋病毒和药物滥用的神经心理学，以及研究艾滋病毒疾病与药物滥用之间潜在相互作用的现有研究。文中还讨论了研究结果的意义以及未来研究的方向。
