Folinsbee L J
Environmental Monitoring and Services, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Feb;79:195-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8979195.
This paper summarizes and critiques a series of reports on the health effects of acid aerosol exposure, presented at the Symposium on the Health Effects of Acid Aerosols and compares these data to selected previous studies. The role of the two major defenses against acid aerosols, the conversion of acid to the ammonium salts by respiratory ammonia and buffering of acid by airway surface liquid are discussed in relation to airway acid burdens expected from typical inhalation exposures. The roles of particle size and hygroscopicity on airway deposition of aerosol are also included. The major health effects studied were the effects of acid aerosol on mucociliary clearance in healthy individuals and changes in lung function in asthmatics, an important sensitive subpopulation. The broad range of response in asthmatics suggests the need for further study.
本文总结并评论了在酸气溶胶健康影响研讨会上发表的一系列关于酸气溶胶暴露对健康影响的报告，并将这些数据与之前选定的研究进行了比较。文中讨论了针对酸气溶胶的两种主要防御机制的作用，即呼吸道中的氨将酸转化为铵盐以及气道表面液体对酸的缓冲作用，这与典型吸入暴露预期产生的气道酸负荷有关。还包括了颗粒大小和吸湿性对气溶胶在气道沉积的作用。所研究的主要健康影响是酸气溶胶对健康个体黏液纤毛清除功能的影响以及对哮喘患者（一个重要的敏感亚群体）肺功能的改变。哮喘患者的广泛反应表明有必要进一步研究。
