Coelho Magna Adaci de Quadros, de Pinho Lucinéia, Marques Paula Quadros, Silveira Marise Fagundes, Solé Dirceu
Departamento de Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil,
Unimontes, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2016 Apr;21(4):1207-16. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232015214.04572015.
We investigated the prevalence of asthma and factors related to asthma development in schoolchildren aged 6 to 14, living in central and peripheral areas of the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais and who were registered with the Family Health Strategy program. Initially, a standard written questionnaire, based on ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), was administered to collect personal data, information regarding income, asthma prevalence, allergic rhinitis and eczema (N = 1,131). Secondly, a case-control study was performed by grouping the patients as either asthmatic (A; N = 172) or non-asthmatic (NA; N = 379). Potential factors associated with the occurrence of asthma were evaluated using the complementary questionnaire from ISAAC phase II. Skin tests for immediate hypersensitivity (STIH) and parasitological tests were also performed. The odds ratio, estimated by multivariate analysis, indicated that asthma cases were related to kindergarten attendance, household smoking, family history of asthma, rhinitis and positive STIH. It was concluded that, in the studied population, the prevalence of asthma was related to genetic predisposition, in addition to individual history, social demographics, exposure to pollutants such as tobacco smoke and a positive response to allergy testing.
我们调查了居住在米纳斯吉拉斯州蒙特斯克拉罗斯市市中心和周边地区、参加了家庭健康战略计划的6至14岁学童的哮喘患病率以及与哮喘发病相关的因素。最初，我们发放了一份基于国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）的标准书面问卷，以收集个人数据、收入信息、哮喘患病率、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹情况（N = 1131）。其次，我们进行了一项病例对照研究，将患者分为哮喘组（A；N = 172）和非哮喘组（NA；N = 379）。使用ISAAC第二阶段的补充问卷评估了与哮喘发生相关的潜在因素。还进行了速发型超敏反应皮肤试验（STIH）和寄生虫学检测。通过多变量分析估计的优势比表明，哮喘病例与上幼儿园、家庭吸烟、哮喘家族史、鼻炎以及STIH阳性有关。研究得出结论，在所研究的人群中，哮喘患病率除了与个人病史、社会人口统计学、接触烟草烟雾等污染物以及过敏检测呈阳性反应有关外，还与遗传易感性有关。
