Tarnowski K J, Rasnake L K, Linscheid T R, Mulick J A
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital, Ohio 44109.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1989 Spring;22(1):101-9. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1989.22-101.
Behavioral observations were conducted on 40 children admitted consecutively to an inpatient pediatric burn care unit (PBCU) over a 6-month period. Children's responses to the PBCU environment as well as adult responses to patients were assessed. Data indicated that children most frequently (a) were oriented and alert, (b) emitted vocalizations or verbalizations, (c) were environmentally engaged, (d) and demonstrated positive or neutral affective responding. Adult-child interactions occurred during the majority of observations. Age was found to be significantly related to the type of distress response exhibited. Positive responses indicative of patient well-being were found to be associated with environmental engagement and the presence of other patients. In general, little evidence emerged to support the notion of a PBCU response pattern which resembles that observed in pediatric intensive care units (i.e., ICU syndrome). The use of observational methods for studying the behavioral adaptation of children in medical settings and the implications of the data for the design of interventions on PBCUs are discussed.
在6个月的时间里，对40名连续入住儿科烧伤护理病房（PBCU）的儿童进行了行为观察。评估了儿童对PBCU环境的反应以及成人对患者的反应。数据表明，儿童最常出现的情况是：（a）定向良好且警觉；（b）发出声音或言语；（c）与环境互动；（d）表现出积极或中性的情感反应。在大多数观察期间都发生了成人与儿童的互动。研究发现，年龄与所表现出的痛苦反应类型显著相关。发现表明患者状况良好的积极反应与环境互动以及其他患者的存在有关。总体而言，几乎没有证据支持PBCU存在类似于儿科重症监护病房（即ICU综合征）中观察到的反应模式这一观点。讨论了使用观察方法研究儿童在医疗环境中的行为适应情况以及这些数据对PBCU干预措施设计的意义。
