Prakas Petras, Butkauskas Dalius, Rudaitytė Eglė, Kutkienė Liuda, Sruoga Aniolas, Pūraitė Irma
Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Institute of Biology Systems and Genetic Research, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės 18, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Parasitol Res. 2016 Aug;115(8):3021-32. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5057-7. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
The diaphragm muscles of eight sika deer (Cervus nippon) bred in Lithuania were examined for Sarcocystis cysts. Two Sarcocystis species, Sarcocystis taeniata, which were previously reported in Canadian moose (Alces alces) and Argentinean red deer (Cervus elaphus), and Sarcocystis pilosa n. sp. were described using light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (cox1) sequences analysis. By LM, cysts of S. taeniata were 424.8 × 57.9 (200-837 × 30-100) μm in size and had a thin (up to 1 μm) and smooth cyst wall, while short ribbon-like protrusions arising from broadened cone-shaped bases were seen under TEM. Cysts of S. pilosa (by LM) were ribbon-shaped, measured 848.5 × 63.8 (350-1700 × 30-125) μm and had thin 7-8-μm long hair-like protrusions. By TEM, cyst wall was type 7a-like; protrusions arose from 0.3 μm wide dome-shaped base with minute indentations of the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane near it, the surface of protrusions seemed to be smooth, and the ground substance layer was thin (0.18-0.22 μm). The 18S rDNA, in contrast to the cox1, lacked variability to discriminate S. pilosa from closely related Sarcocystis hjorti from the red deer and moose. S. taeniata, but not S. pilosa, showed a considerable intraspecific variation in both genes analyzed. The phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rDNA and cox1 sequences suggest that canids are definitive hosts of both S. taeniata and S. pilosa. This paper represents the first identification of Sarcocystis species in the sika deer by morphological and molecular methods.
对在立陶宛养殖的8只梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）的膈肌进行了检查，以寻找肉孢子虫囊肿。利用光学显微镜（LM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、18S核糖体DNA（rDNA）和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（cox1）序列分析，描述了两种肉孢子虫，即先前在加拿大驼鹿（Alces alces）和阿根廷马鹿（Cervus elaphus）中报道过的带状肉孢子虫（Sarcocystis taeniata）以及新种毛状肉孢子虫（Sarcocystis pilosa n. sp.）。通过光学显微镜观察，带状肉孢子虫的囊肿大小为424.8×57.9（200 - 837×30 - 100）μm，囊壁薄（可达1μm）且光滑，而在透射电子显微镜下可见从宽阔的锥形基部产生的短带状突起。毛状肉孢子虫的囊肿（通过光学显微镜观察）呈带状，大小为848.5×63.8（350 - 1700×30 - 125）μm，有7 - 8μm长的细毛状突起。通过透射电子显微镜观察，囊壁类似7a型；突起从0.3μm宽的圆顶形基部产生，附近的寄生泡膜有微小凹陷，突起表面似乎光滑，基质层薄（0.18 - 0.22μm）。与cox1不同，18S rDNA缺乏区分毛状肉孢子虫与来自马鹿和驼鹿的密切相关的霍氏肉孢子虫（Sarcocystis hjorti）的变异性。在分析的两个基因中，带状肉孢子虫而非毛状肉孢子虫表现出相当大的种内变异。基于18S rDNA和cox1序列的系统发育分析表明，犬科动物是带状肉孢子虫和毛状肉孢子虫的终末宿主。本文首次通过形态学和分子方法鉴定了梅花鹿中的肉孢子虫种类。
