Kurt Yilmaz Nese, Swanstrom Ronald, Schiffer Celia A
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and the UNC Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2016 Jul;24(7):547-557. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.010. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
Drug resistance is a major problem in health care, undermining therapy outcomes and necessitating novel approaches to drug design. Extensive studies on resistance to viral protease inhibitors, particularly those of HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease, revealed a plethora of information on the structural and molecular mechanisms underlying resistance. These insights led to several strategies to improve viral protease inhibitors to counter resistance, such as exploiting the essential biological function and leveraging evolutionary constraints. Incorporation of these strategies into structure-based drug design can minimize vulnerability to resistance, not only for viral proteases but for other quickly evolving drug targets as well, toward designing inhibitors one step ahead of evolution to counter resistance with more intelligent and rational design.
耐药性是医疗保健中的一个主要问题,它破坏治疗效果,因此需要采用新的药物设计方法。对病毒蛋白酶抑制剂耐药性的广泛研究,特别是对HIV-1和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)蛋白酶抑制剂耐药性的研究,揭示了大量关于耐药性背后的结构和分子机制的信息。这些见解催生了几种改进病毒蛋白酶抑制剂以对抗耐药性的策略,例如利用基本生物学功能和借助进化限制。将这些策略纳入基于结构的药物设计中,可以最大限度地降低对耐药性的易感性,不仅适用于病毒蛋白酶,也适用于其他快速进化的药物靶点,从而通过更智能、更合理的设计在进化之前一步设计抑制剂来对抗耐药性。