Vandongen R, Jenner D A, English D R
Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth.
J Hypertens Suppl. 1989 Feb;7(1):S3-5. doi: 10.1097/00004872-198902001-00002.
Relationships between blood pressure and dietary factors were investigated in 434 boys and 450 girls aged 9 years. Dietary data were obtained from a food-frequency questionnaire which was completed by parents. This was used to estimate daily energy intake and the intake of 14 nutrients considered likely to influence blood pressure. Blood pressure was tested for relationships to absolute and calorie-adjusted intakes of each nutrient after adjustment for age, weight, height, socio-economic status and the month of examination. Ambient temperature was the most important determinant of blood pressure, an increase of 10 degrees C being associated with a 6-7 mmHg fall in blood pressure. Diastolic blood pressure in boys was negatively related to energy intake and to calorie-adjusted fibre intake. Mean adjusted diastolic blood pressure in boys in the top fibre intake quartile was 2.5 mmHg lower than that in the lowest quartile. Systolic blood pressure in girls was negatively related to calorie-adjusted intakes of protein. There were no relationships between blood pressure and calorie-adjusted intakes of fats, carbohydrates, sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium.
对434名9岁男孩和450名9岁女孩的血压与饮食因素之间的关系进行了调查。饮食数据来自一份由家长填写的食物频率问卷。该问卷用于估计每日能量摄入量以及14种被认为可能影响血压的营养素的摄入量。在对年龄、体重、身高、社会经济地位和检查月份进行调整后，测试了血压与每种营养素的绝对摄入量和热量调整摄入量之间的关系。环境温度是血压的最重要决定因素，温度每升高10摄氏度，血压会下降6 - 7毫米汞柱。男孩的舒张压与能量摄入量和热量调整后的纤维摄入量呈负相关。纤维摄入量处于最高四分位数的男孩，其平均调整后舒张压比最低四分位数的男孩低2.5毫米汞柱。女孩的收缩压与热量调整后的蛋白质摄入量呈负相关。血压与热量调整后的脂肪、碳水化合物、钠、钾、钙或镁的摄入量之间没有关系。
