Diet and blood pressure in 9-year-old Australian children.

Relationships between blood pressure and dietary factors were investigated in 884 9-y-old Australian children. Data on usual diet were obtained from a food frequency questionnaire completed by parents. The data were used to estimate daily energy intake and intakes of 14 nutrients considered to have some potential for influencing blood pressure. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were tested for relationships with absolute intakes and calorie-adjusted intakes of each nutrient after adjustment for potential confounders. Diastolic pressure in boys was negatively related to energy intake and to calorie-adjusted fiber intake. Mean adjusted diastolic pressure in boys in the top fiber-intake quartile was 2.5 mm Hg lower than that in the bottom fiber-intake quartile. Systolic pressure in girls was negatively related to calorie-adjusted intakes of protein and cholesterol. There were no detectable relationships between blood pressure and calorie-adjusted intakes of fats, carbohydrates, sodium, potassium, calcium, or magnesium.