Ouédraogo Nafissatou, Kaplon Jérôme, Bonkoungou Isidore Juste O, Traoré Alfred Sababénédjo, Pothier Pierre, Barro Nicolas, Ambert-Balay Katia
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmis par les Aliments, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
National Reference Centre for enteric viruses, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
PLoS One. 2016 Apr 19;11(4):e0153652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153652. eCollection 2016.
Enteric viruses are a major cause of diarrhea in children, especially those under five years old. Identifying the viral agents is critical to the development of effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of common enteric viruses in children under five years old in Burkina Faso. Stool samples from children with (n = 263) and without (n = 50) diarrhea disorders were collected in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from November 2011 to September 2012. Rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus and Aichivirus A were detected using real-time or end-point (RT-)PCR. Rotavirus strains were G and P genotyped by multiplex RT-PCR and other viral strains were characterized by sequencing of viral subgenomic segements. At least one viral agent was detected in 85.6% and 72% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, respectively. Rotavirus (63.5%), adenovirus (31.2%) and genogroup II norovirus (18.2%) were the most prevalent viruses in symptomatic patients, but only rotavirus and genogroup II norovirus were significantly associated with diarrhea (OR: 7.9, 95%CI: 3.7-17; OR: 3.5, 95%CI: 1-11.7, respectively). Sapovirus (10.3%), astrovirus (4.9%), genogroup I norovirus (2.7%) and Aichivirus A (0.8%) were less prevalent. The predominant genotype of rotavirus was G9P[8] (36.5%), and the predominant norovirus strain was GII.4 variant 2012 (71.4%). Among sapovirus, the genogroup II (87.5%) predominated. Astrovirus type 1 (41.7%) was the most frequent astrovirus identified. Aichivirus A belonged to the three genotypes (A, B and C). Enteric adenoviruses type 40 and 41 were identified in 10.2% and 5.1% respectively. Several cases of co-infections were detected. The results highlight the high prevalence and the high diversity of enteric viruses in Burkinabe children.
肠道病毒是儿童腹泻的主要病因，尤其是五岁以下儿童。确定病毒病原体对于制定有效的预防措施至关重要。本研究旨在确定布基纳法索五岁以下儿童中常见肠道病毒的流行情况和基因多样性。2011年11月至2012年9月期间，在布基纳法索瓦加杜古收集了患有腹泻疾病（n = 263）和未患腹泻疾病（n = 50）儿童的粪便样本。使用实时或终点（RT-）PCR检测轮状病毒、诺如病毒、札幌病毒、星状病毒、腺病毒和艾奇病毒A。通过多重RT-PCR对轮状病毒株进行G和P基因分型，通过对病毒亚基因组片段进行测序对其他病毒株进行特征分析。有症状和无症状患者中分别有85.6%和72%检测到至少一种病毒病原体。轮状病毒（63.5%）、腺病毒（31.2%）和II型诺如病毒基因组（18.2%）是有症状患者中最常见的病毒，但只有轮状病毒和II型诺如病毒基因组与腹泻显著相关（OR：7.9，95%CI：3.7-17；OR：3.5，95%CI：1-11.7）。札幌病毒（10.3%）、星状病毒（4.9%）、I型诺如病毒基因组（2.7%）和艾奇病毒A（0.8%）的流行率较低。轮状病毒的主要基因型是G9P[8]（36,5%），诺如病毒的主要毒株是2012年的GII.4变体（71.4%）。在札幌病毒中，II型基因组（87.5%）占主导地位。1型星状病毒（占41.7%）是最常见的星状病毒类型。艾奇病毒A属于三种基因型（A、B和C）。40型和41型肠道腺病毒的检出率分别为占10.2%和5.1%。检测到几例合并感染病例。结果突出了布基纳法索儿童肠道病毒的高流行率和高度多样性。
