Pimentel Marcionília Fernandes, Damasceno Évila Pinheiro, Jimenez Paula Christine, Araújo Pedro Filipe Ribeiro, Bezerra Marcielly Freitas, de Morais Pollyana Cristina Vasconcelos, Cavalcante Rivelino Martins, Loureiro Susana, Lotufo Letícia Veras Costa
Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Marinha, Instituto de Ciências do Mar (Labomar), Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60125-120, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Av. Almirante Saldanha da Gama, 89, Santos, São Paulo, 11030-180, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2016 May;188(5):298. doi: 10.1007/s10661-016-5300-9. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
In recent decades, considerable attention has been devoted to endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC) and studies on fish feminization have increased throughout the years as a key signal for aquatic environmental contamination. The input of domestic sewage into water reservoirs is common in South American countries, especially in cities that experienced rapid population growths and unplanned urbanization. This study aimed at characterizing morphofunctional parameters of the tropical fish Sphoeroides testudineus and investigating the potential occurrence and effects of endocrine disruptors in the Pacoti River (Ceará, Brazil), often considered a reference site. After collection from the field, fish were measure/weighted and desiccated for gender identification (males, females, and undifferentiated), gonadal histology, and vitellogenin expression. From the biometric analysis, undifferentiated fish showed lower weight and length than female and male fish, although no differences in the condition index were observed. The gonadal weight of undifferentiated fish was significantly lower than those of females and males. Although this pattern was observed, gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed a different pattern, with differences being observed just between males and the other two groups (females and undifferentiated). Vitellogenin (VTG) expression was detected in many mature male and undifferentiated fish, indicating endocrine disruption. In addition, several EDCs (estrone, 17α-estradiol, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and estriol) were identified and quantified in sediments from the sampling site. These results were unexpected and indicative that the Pacoti River is impaired by estrogenic contamination.
近几十年来，内分泌干扰化学物质（EDC）受到了广泛关注，多年来对鱼类雌性化的研究不断增加，这是水生环境污染的一个关键信号。在南美国家，将生活污水排入水库的情况很常见，尤其是在经历了人口快速增长和无规划城市化的城市。本研究旨在描述热带鱼类巴西牛鼻鲼的形态功能参数，并调查帕科蒂河（巴西塞阿拉）中内分泌干扰物的潜在存在情况及其影响，该河流常被视为一个参照点。从野外采集鱼类后，对其进行测量/称重，并干燥处理以进行性别鉴定（雄性、雌性和未分化个体）、性腺组织学检查以及卵黄蛋白原表达分析。通过生物统计学分析，未分化的鱼类体重和体长低于雌性和雄性鱼类，不过在条件指数方面未观察到差异。未分化鱼类的性腺重量显著低于雌性和雄性鱼类。尽管观察到了这种模式，但性腺体指数（GSI）呈现出不同的模式，仅在雄性与其他两组（雌性和未分化个体）之间观察到差异。在许多成熟雄性和未分化鱼类中检测到了卵黄蛋白原（VTG）表达，表明存在内分泌干扰。此外，在采样点的沉积物中鉴定并定量了几种内分泌干扰物（雌酮、17α - 雌二醇、17β - 雌二醇、17α - 乙炔雌二醇、己烯雌酚和雌三醇）。这些结果出乎意料，表明帕科蒂河受到了雌激素污染的损害。
