LAR Laboratory - Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy; CIMIS, Via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy.
CIMIS, Via G. Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2016 Jun;52:86-95. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
Composting of the source-segregated organic fraction of municipal solid waste was compared in a life cycle perspective with conventional anaerobic digestion (AD), aimed at electricity substitution, and with AD aimed at biogas upgrading into bio-methane. Three different uses of the bio-methane were considered: injection in the natural gas grid for civil heating needs; use as fuel for high efficiency co-generation; use as fuel for vehicles. Scenarios with biogas upgrading showed quite similar impact values, generally higher than those of composting and conventional AD, for which there was a lower impact. A decisive contribution to the higher impact of the scenarios with bio-methane production was by the process for biogas upgrading. In any case the substitution of natural gas with bio-methane resulted in higher avoided impacts compared to electricity substitution by conventional AD. The uncertainty analysis confirmed the positive values for eutrophication, acidification and particulate matter. Large uncertainty was determined for global warming and photochemical ozone formation.
在生命周期视角下，对城市固体废物源头分类的有机部分进行了堆肥处理，并与旨在替代电力的传统厌氧消化（AD）以及旨在将沼气升级为生物甲烷的 AD 进行了比较。考虑了生物甲烷的三种不同用途：注入天然气网络，用于民用供热需求；用作高效热电联产的燃料；用作车辆燃料。沼气升级情景显示出相当相似的影响值，通常高于堆肥和传统 AD 的影响值，传统 AD 的影响值较低。沼气升级过程对具有生物甲烷生产的情景的更高影响做出了决定性贡献。在任何情况下，用生物甲烷替代天然气都会比传统 AD 替代电力产生更高的减排效果。不确定性分析证实了富营养化、酸化和颗粒物的正值。全球变暖与光化学臭氧形成的不确定性很大。
