Teixeira Juliana de Fátima, Goulart Maíra Ribas, Busnello Fernanda Michielin, Pellanda Lucia Campos
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016 May;106(5):404-10. doi: 10.5935/abc.20160049. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
In Brazil, the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is approximately 30% of the total population. In 2010, SAH was the cause of death of about 9.4 million people worldwide. A healthy dietary pattern is important to maintain proper blood pressure levels and, consequently, disease control.
To describe the knowledge and practices of hypertensive patients cared for at a public hypertension outpatient clinic, and its relationship with high-sodium food.
We applied a questionnaire to patients with questions related to sociodemographics, dietary pattern, frequency of ingestion of certain foods, and knowledge about their own disease.
We studied 221 patients, 56.1% of whom were women, and 53.8% had only elementary education. Their mean age was 57.7 ±13.5 years, and 75.6% of them reported having high blood pressure, and 11.3%, diabetes mellitus. Regarding dietary pattern, 62% used ready-to-use seasonings, but 94.1% reported not adding extra salt to their ready meals. Regarding patients' knowledge about high-sodium foods and SAH, only 8 patients had 100% of right answers, 37 patients had 73.8%, and 42 patients, 57% of right answers.
Knowledge about SAH prevention and high-sodium foods was insufficient. Based on this study's findings, more effective educational strategies targeted at this population can be developed.
在巴西，系统性动脉高血压（SAH）的患病率约占总人口的30%。2010年，SAH是全球约940万人的死因。健康的饮食模式对于维持适当的血压水平以及疾病控制至关重要。
描述在一家公共高血压门诊接受治疗的高血压患者的知识和行为，及其与高钠食物的关系。
我们向患者发放了一份问卷，问题涉及社会人口统计学、饮食模式、某些食物的摄入频率以及对自身疾病的了解。
我们研究了221名患者，其中56.1%为女性，53.8%仅接受过小学教育。他们的平均年龄为57.7±13.5岁，75.6%的患者报告患有高血压，11.3%患有糖尿病。关于饮食模式，62%的患者使用即食调味料，但94.1%的患者报告在即食餐中不额外加盐。关于患者对高钠食物和SAH的了解，只有8名患者的回答完全正确，37名患者的正确率为73.8%，42名患者的正确率为57%。
关于SAH预防和高钠食物的知识不足。基于本研究的结果，可以针对这一人群制定更有效的教育策略。
