Tan K C, Chan G C, Eric H, Maria A I, Norliza M J, Oun B H, Sheerine M T, Wong S J, Liew S M
Tan Kean Chye (Corresponding author) MD, DFM Department of Family Medicine, Penang Medical College, Malaysia Email:
Chan Giin Cherng MD(UKM), MMED(FAM MED)(UKM) Klinik Cheng, Melaka, Malaysia Email:
Malays Fam Physician. 2015 Aug 31;10(2):9-21. eCollection 2015.
The incidence of diabetes mellitus is ever increasing. Individuals with diabetes mellitus may have concurrent mental health disorders and are shown to have poorer disease outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress (DAS) in diabetes patients aged 20 years or more in the primary care setting.
This was a cross-sectional study involving the use of self-administered questionnaire conducted in eight primary care private and government clinics in Pulau Pinang and Melaka, Malaysia. The validated DASS-21 questionnaire was used as a screening tool for the symptoms of DAS. Prior permission was obtained from the patients and, clearance from ethical committee was obtained before the start of the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS statistical software.
A total of 320 patients with diabetes from eight centres were enrolled via convenience sampling. Sample size was calculated using the Kish's formula. The prevalence of DAS among patients with diabetes from our study was 26.6%, 40% and 19.4%, respectively. Depression was found to be significantly associated with marital status and family history of DAS; anxiety was significantly associated with monthly household income, presence of co-morbidities and family history of DAS; and stress was significantly associated with occupation and family history of DAS.
The prevalence of DAS was higher in patients with diabetes compared with the general community. We recommend to routinely screen all patients with diabetes using the DASS-21 questionnaire because it is easy to perform and inexpensive.
糖尿病的发病率在不断上升。糖尿病患者可能同时患有精神健康障碍，且疾病预后较差。本研究的目的是确定在初级保健机构中20岁及以上糖尿病患者的抑郁、焦虑和压力（DAS）患病率。
这是一项横断面研究，采用自行填写问卷的方式，在马来西亚槟城和马六甲的8家私立和政府初级保健诊所进行。使用经过验证的DASS-21问卷作为DAS症状的筛查工具。在研究开始前获得了患者的事先许可，并获得了伦理委员会的批准。使用SPSS统计软件进行数据分析。
通过便利抽样，共纳入了来自8个中心的320名糖尿病患者。样本量使用基什公式计算。我们研究中糖尿病患者的DAS患病率分别为26.6%、40%和19.4%。发现抑郁与婚姻状况和DAS家族史显著相关；焦虑与月家庭收入、合并症的存在和DAS家族史显著相关；压力与职业和DAS家族史显著相关。
糖尿病患者的DAS患病率高于普通人群。我们建议使用DASS-21问卷对所有糖尿病患者进行常规筛查，因为它操作简便且成本低廉。
