Robbins S E, Gouw G J, Hanna A M
Department of Civil Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Apr;21(2):130-9.
The purpose of these experiments was to test the Robbins and Hanna hypothesis, which relates differences in discomfort from localized deformation at certain positions on the plantar surface to protective behavior (intrinsic foot shock absorption). A penetrometer was used to quantify the relations between localized load and pain and between load and depth of deformation. The magnitude of load required to elicit pain varied significantly (P less than 0.005) in relation to position on the plantar surface. With a load of 9 kg and a 10 mm spherical end on the penetrometer, 6% of the sample reported pain at the heelpad, 32% at the distal first digit, and 66% at the first metatarsal-phalangeal joint. This pattern was predicted by the Robbins and Hanna thesis. Two deformation patterns were observed which were best explained by deformation constraint by tight trabecular tethering of the epithelial membrane at the heelpad and distal first digit and unrestricted deformation due to loose trabecular tethering of the epithelial membrane at the first metatarsal-phalangeal joint. These data provide insight into how, when barefoot, the plantar surface resists perforation yet provides protection to local bony structures. These data further support the notion that plantar sensory feedback plays a central role in safe and effective locomotion.
这些实验的目的是检验罗宾斯和汉纳的假说，该假说将足底表面特定位置的局部变形所导致的不适感差异与保护行为（足部固有减震功能）联系起来。使用了一个针入度仪来量化局部负荷与疼痛之间以及负荷与变形深度之间的关系。引发疼痛所需的负荷大小因足底表面位置的不同而有显著差异（P小于0.005）。当针入度仪的负荷为9千克且球形端直径为10毫米时，6%的样本在足跟垫处报告疼痛，32%在第一趾远端报告疼痛，66%在第一跖趾关节处报告疼痛。这种模式与罗宾斯和汉纳的论点相符。观察到两种变形模式，最好的解释是，在足跟垫和第一趾远端，上皮膜通过紧密的小梁系留受到变形约束，而在第一跖趾关节处，上皮膜因小梁系留松散而发生无限制变形。这些数据有助于深入了解在赤足时足底表面如何抵抗穿孔同时又为局部骨结构提供保护。这些数据进一步支持了足底感觉反馈在安全有效的运动中起核心作用这一观点。
