Lima Monica Gomes, Silva Rhayra Xavier do Carmo, Silva Suéllen de Nazaré Dos Santos, Rodrigues Lais do Socorro Dos Santos, Oliveira Karen Renata Herculano Matos, Batista Evander de Jesus Oliveira, Maximino Caio, Herculano Anderson Manoel
Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Marabá/PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém/PA, Brazil.
Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento "Frederico Guilherme Graeff", Departamento de Morfologia e Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Marabá/PA, Brazil.
Behav Processes. 2016 Jul;128:70-82. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
Time-dependent sensitization (TDS)-the delayed increase in neurobehavioral responses to heterotypic stressors after exposure to an intense, inescapable stressor-has been proposed as an animal model for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Translationally relevant stressors used in TDS are capable of affecting more than one behavioral domain and produce interindividual variability in responsiveness. Here, conspecific alarm substance (CAS) is shown to induce TDS in zebrafish in inter- and intra-population-specific way. Exposure to CAS, an ecologically relevant stimulus which produces fear-like responses acutely, increased anxiety and arousal in zebrafish from the blue shortfin (BSF) phenotype 24h after stimulus delivery. Anxiety-like responses were differently affected immediately and 24h after stimulus delivery. Anxiety-like responses were more sensitized in zebrafish from the longfin (LOF) than in the BSF phenotype, an effect which is reminiscent of "basal" differences in anxiety-like behavior. After application of behavioral cutoff criteria, CAS was shown to produce intense TDS in ∼25% of LOF animals, while ∼20% of exposed animals showed little evidence of TDS. Overall, these results suggest that CAS induces TDS in zebrafish after a 24h "incubation" period, with inter- and intra-population variability that underlines its face and ecological validity.
时间依赖性敏感化（TDS）——在暴露于强烈的、无法逃避的应激源后，对异型应激源的神经行为反应出现延迟增加——已被提出作为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的动物模型。TDS中使用的与转化相关的应激源能够影响多个行为领域，并在反应性上产生个体间差异。在这里，同种警报物质（CAS）被证明以种群间和种群内特异性的方式在斑马鱼中诱导TDS。暴露于CAS，一种在生态上相关的刺激物，它会急性产生类似恐惧的反应，在刺激传递24小时后，增加了蓝色短鳍（BSF）表型斑马鱼的焦虑和觉醒。在刺激传递后立即和24小时，类似焦虑的反应受到不同的影响。长鳍（LOF）斑马鱼的类似焦虑反应比BSF表型更敏感，这种效应让人想起类似焦虑行为的“基础”差异。应用行为截止标准后，CAS被证明在约25%的LOF动物中产生强烈的TDS，而约20%的暴露动物几乎没有TDS的迹象。总体而言，这些结果表明，CAS在24小时“潜伏期”后在斑马鱼中诱导TDS，种群间和种群内的变异性突出了其表面效度和生态效度。
