西南部落老年人的认知功能、抑郁症状和血管因素。
Cognition, Depressive Symptoms and Vascular Factors among Southwest Tribal Elders.
机构信息
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona.
Isleta Pueblo Senior Center, Isleta, New Mexico.
出版信息
Ethn Dis. 2016 Apr 21;26(2):235-44. doi: 10.18865/ed.26.2.235.
OBJECTIVE
Few data exist on cognitive and depressive symptoms and vascular factors in American Indian (AI) elders. Since vascular risk factors increase risk for cognitive impairments, depression and dementia, and since AI elders are at high vascular risk, it is timely to assess the interplay of these factors in comprehensive studies of aging in this population. To begin, pilot studies must be conducted to show these types of data can be collected successfully.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional pilot study, the Southwest Heart Mind Study (SHMS).
SETTING
Tribal community in the Southwest United States.
PARTICIPANTS
AI elders, aged ≥55 years.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Cross-cultural demographic, social network and risk factor surveys; tests of cognition, depression and anxiety; physical measurements; blood biochemistries; and APOE genotyping.
RESULTS
SHMS elders were comparable to other rural elder populations on cognitive and depressive symptom scores. The average CogScore was 28.8 (out of 32), the average Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was 6.7 (of 30), and the average Hamilton Anxiety Scale was 1.2 (of 4). 32% possessed at least one APOEe4 allele. High vascular risk was evident: 76% were overweight or obese; 54% self-reported history of hypertension; 24% heart trouble; 32% type 2 diabetes; 35% depression; and 24% a family history of serious memory loss. More than 70% reported prescription medication use. 54% cared for someone besides self.
CONCLUSIONS
A better understanding of the burden of vascular risk in relation to cognition and depression among Southwest Tribes is needed.
目的
关于认知和抑郁症状以及血管因素，美国印第安人（AI）老年人的数据很少。由于血管危险因素会增加认知障碍、抑郁和痴呆的风险，而 AI 老年人处于高血管风险中，因此及时评估这些因素在该人群老龄化的综合研究中的相互作用是适时的。首先，必须进行试点研究，以表明可以成功收集这些类型的数据。
设计
一项横断面试点研究，即西南心脑研究（SHMS）。
地点
美国西南部的部落社区。
参与者
年龄≥55 岁的 AI 老年人。
主要观察指标
跨文化人口统计学、社会网络和危险因素调查；认知、抑郁和焦虑测试；身体测量；血液生化；以及 APOE 基因分型。
结果
SHMS 老年人的认知和抑郁症状评分与其他农村老年人相当。平均 CogScore 为 28.8（32 分制），平均老年抑郁量表（GDS）为 6.7（30 分制），平均汉密尔顿焦虑量表为 1.2（4 分制）。32%的人至少携带一个 APOEe4 等位基因。高血管风险明显：76%超重或肥胖；54%自我报告有高血压病史；24%心脏问题；32% 2 型糖尿病；35%抑郁；24%有严重记忆丧失的家族史。超过 70%的人报告使用处方药。54%的人除了自己还要照顾别人。
结论
需要更好地了解西南部落认知和抑郁与血管风险负担之间的关系。
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