Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 Oct 1;105(Pt B):176-189. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Apr 27.
Graphene has emerged as a novel green broad-spectrum antibacterial material, with little bacterial resistance and tolerable cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells. It exerts its antibacterial action via physical damages such as direct contact of its sharp edges with bacterial membranes and destructive extraction of lipid molecules. These damages also include wrapping and photothermal ablation mechanisms. Alternatively, chemical damage of bacteria is caused by oxidative stress with the generation of reactive oxygen species and charge transfer. Furthermore, graphene has been used as a support to disperse and stabilize various nanomaterials, such as metals, metal oxides, and polymers, with high antibacterial efficiency due to the synergistic effect. In addition, graphene-based antibiotic drug delivery platforms have been constructed. Due to the superior antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility, graphene-based nanocomposites have a wide range of applications, such as antibacterial packaging, wound dressing, and water disinfection. In this review, we highlight the antibacterial mechanism of graphene and summarize recent advances related to the antibacterial activity of graphene-based materials. Many of the recent application examples are further discussed. We hope that this review provides valuable insight, stimulates broader concerns, and spurs further developments in this promising field.
石墨烯作为一种新型的绿色广谱抗菌材料，具有较小的细菌耐药性和对哺乳动物细胞可耐受的细胞毒性。它通过物理损伤发挥抗菌作用，例如其锋利边缘与细菌膜的直接接触以及对脂质分子的破坏性提取。这些损伤还包括包裹和光热消融机制。或者，细菌的化学损伤是由氧化应激引起的，会产生活性氧和电荷转移。此外，石墨烯还被用作载体来分散和稳定各种纳米材料，如金属、金属氧化物和聚合物，由于协同效应，具有很高的抗菌效率。此外，还构建了基于石墨烯的抗生素药物输送平台。由于其优异的抗菌性能和良好的生物相容性，基于石墨烯的纳米复合材料在抗菌包装、伤口敷料和水消毒等领域有广泛的应用。在这篇综述中，我们强调了石墨烯的抗菌机制，并总结了与基于石墨烯的材料抗菌活性相关的最新进展。进一步讨论了许多最近的应用实例。我们希望这篇综述提供有价值的见解，激发更广泛的关注，并推动这一有前途的领域的进一步发展。
