Rajzer Izabella, Kurowska Anna, Nikodem Anna, Janusz Jarosław, Jabłoński Adam, Ziąbka Magdalena, Menaszek Elżbieta, Frankova Jana, Piekarczyk Wojciech, Fabia Janusz
Department of Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland.
Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 16;18(8):1826. doi: 10.3390/ma18081826.
A novel bi-layered scaffold, obtained via 3D printing and electrospinning, was designed to improve osteochondral region reconstruction. The upper electrospun membrane will act as a barrier against unwanted tissue infiltration, while the lower 3D-printed layer will provide a porous structure for tissue ingrowth. Graphene was integrated into the scaffold for its antibacterial properties, and the drug Osteogenon (OST) was added to promote bone tissue regeneration. The composite scaffolds were subjected to comprehensive physical, thermal, and mechanical evaluations. Additionally, their biological functionality was assessed by means of NHAC-kn cells. The 0.5% graphene addition to PCL significantly increased strain at break, enhancing the material ductility. GNP also acted as an effective nucleating agent, raising crystallization temperatures and supporting mineralization. The high surface area of graphene facilitated rapid apatite formation by attracting calcium and phosphate ions. This was confirmed by FTIR, µCT and SEM analyses, which highlighted the positive impact of graphene on mineral deposition. The synergistic interaction between graphene nanoplatelets and Osteogenon created a bioactive environment that enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, and promoted superior apatite formation. These findings highlight the scaffold's potential as a promising biomaterial for osteochondral repair and regenerative medicine.
通过3D打印和静电纺丝获得的一种新型双层支架，旨在改善骨软骨区域的重建。上层的静电纺丝膜将作为防止不必要的组织浸润的屏障，而下层的3D打印层将为组织向内生长提供多孔结构。石墨烯因其抗菌特性被整合到支架中，并且添加了骨生成素（OST）药物以促进骨组织再生。对复合支架进行了全面的物理、热学和力学评估。此外，通过NHAC-kn细胞评估了它们的生物学功能。向聚己内酯（PCL）中添加0.5%的石墨烯显著增加了断裂应变，提高了材料的延展性。石墨烯纳米片（GNP）还作为一种有效的成核剂，提高了结晶温度并支持矿化。石墨烯的高表面积通过吸引钙离子和磷酸根离子促进了快速的磷灰石形成。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、显微计算机断层扫描（µCT）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析证实了这一点，这些分析突出了石墨烯对矿物质沉积的积极影响。石墨烯纳米片与骨生成素之间的协同相互作用创造了一个生物活性环境，增强了细胞粘附和增殖，并促进了优异的磷灰石形成。这些发现突出了该支架作为骨软骨修复和再生医学中有前景的生物材料的潜力。
