State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
J Control Release. 2019 Aug 10;307:16-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.011. Epub 2019 Jun 8.
Graphene-based nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown great potentials in drug delivery and photodynamic/photothermal therapy due to their featured structure and physicochemical properties. In recent years, their antibacterial potentials have also been exploited. The commonly recognized antibacterial mechanisms include sharp edge-mediated cutting effect, oxidative stress and cell entrapment. This antibacterial activity is very important for human health. As we know, infection with the pathogenic bacteria, especially the drug-resistant ones, is a great threat to human lives. Thus, the development of the antibiotics-independent and drug-free antibacterial agents is of great importance and significance. Graphene-based nanomaterials are a kind of such antibacterial agents. An insight into their properties and antibacterial mechanisms is necessary before they are developed into real products. Herein, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the antibacterial application of graphene-based nanomaterials via summarizing their antibacterial activities against some typical microbial species and discussing their unique mechanisms. In addition, the side-effects and problems in using these nanomaterials are also discussed.
基于石墨烯的纳米材料，如氧化石墨烯（GO）和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO），由于其独特的结构和物理化学性质，在药物输送和光动力/光热治疗方面显示出巨大的潜力。近年来，它们的抗菌潜力也得到了开发。公认的抗菌机制包括锋利边缘介导的切割效应、氧化应激和细胞捕获。这种抗菌活性对人类健康非常重要。众所周知，感染致病性细菌，尤其是耐药性细菌，对人类生命构成了巨大威胁。因此，开发非抗生素和无药物的抗菌剂具有重要意义。基于石墨烯的纳米材料就是一种这样的抗菌剂。在将其开发成实际产品之前，有必要深入了解其性质和抗菌机制。在此，我们通过总结其对一些典型微生物的抗菌活性，并讨论其独特的机制，对基于石墨烯的纳米材料的抗菌应用进行了全面的了解。此外，还讨论了使用这些纳米材料的副作用和问题。
