Kulis Stephen S, Ayers Stephanie L, Harthun Mary L, Jager Justin
T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Box 3701, Tempe, AZ, 85287-3701, USA.
Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave., Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0693, USA.
Prev Sci. 2016 Aug;17(6):721-31. doi: 10.1007/s11121-016-0657-0.
Parenting in 2 Worlds (P2W) is a culturally grounded parenting intervention that addresses the distinctive social and cultural worlds of urban American Indian (AI) families. P2W was culturally adapted through community-based participatory research in three urban AI communities with diverse tribal backgrounds. This paper reports the immediate outcomes of P2W in a randomized controlled trial, utilizing data from 575 parents of AI children (ages 10-17). Parents were assigned to P2W or to the comparison group, an informational family health curriculum, Healthy Families in 2 Worlds (HF2W). Both the P2W and HF2W curricula consisted of 10 workshops delivered weekly by AI community facilitators. Pretests were administered at the first workshop and a post-test at the last workshop. Tests of the efficacy of P2W versus HF2W on parenting skills and family functioning were analyzed with pairwise t tests, within intervention type, and by baseline adjusted path models using FIML estimation in Mplus. Intervention effect sizes were estimated with Cohen's d. Participants in P2W reported significant improvements in parental agency, parenting practices, supervision and family cohesion, and decreases in discipline problems and parent-child conflict. Compared to HF2W, P2W participants reported significantly larger increases in parental self-agency and positive parenting practices, and fewer child discipline problems. Most of these desired program effects for P2W approached medium size. Culturally adapted parenting interventions like P2W can effectively strengthen parenting practices and family functioning among urban AI families and help address their widespread need for targeted, culturally grounded programs.
“穿梭于两个世界的育儿之道”（P2W）是一种基于文化的育儿干预措施，旨在应对美国城市印第安（AI）家庭独特的社会和文化世界。P2W通过在三个具有不同部落背景的城市AI社区开展基于社区的参与性研究进行了文化调适。本文报告了P2W在一项随机对照试验中的即时结果，利用了575名AI儿童（10 - 17岁）家长的数据。家长被分配到P2W组或对照组，即一个信息性家庭健康课程“穿梭于两个世界的健康家庭”（HF2W）。P2W和HF2W课程均由AI社区辅导员每周开展10次工作坊。在第一次工作坊进行前测，在最后一次工作坊进行后测。使用Mplus中的FIML估计，通过干预类型内的成对t检验以及基线调整路径模型，分析P2W与HF2W在育儿技能和家庭功能方面的效果。干预效应大小用科恩d值估计。参与P2W的家长报告在父母效能、育儿实践、监督和家庭凝聚力方面有显著改善，在纪律问题和亲子冲突方面有所减少。与HF2W相比，参与P2W的家长报告在父母自我效能和积极育儿实践方面有显著更大的提升，且儿童纪律问题更少。P2W的这些大多数预期项目效果接近中等规模。像P2W这样经过文化调适的育儿干预措施可以有效加强城市AI家庭的育儿实践和家庭功能，并有助于满足他们对有针对性的、基于文化的项目的广泛需求。
