McDonald Eileen M, Mack Karin, Shields Wendy C, Lee Robin P, Gielen Andrea C
Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (EMM, WCS, ACG); and Division of Analysis, Research, and Practice Integration (KM) and Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention (RL), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Lifestyle Med. 2016 Feb 12;12(2):96-106. doi: 10.1177/1559827616629924. Print 2018 Mar.
Unintentional injuries are a persistent public health problem in the United States. A new health care landscape has the potential to create a clinical environment that fosters greater involvement by health care providers in injury prevention. The aim of this article is to provide evidence supporting the need for engagement by primary care providers in unintentional home injury prevention along with examples of how this could be accomplished. We know a great deal about what population groups are at risk for certain types of injuries. We also know that many injuries can be prevented through policies, programs, and resources that ensure safe environments and promote safe behaviors. For example, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries) initiative comprises clinical decision support tools and educational materials for health care providers. Two effective interventions that have demonstrated a reduction in falls among children are the redesign of baby walkers (engineering) and the mandated use of window guards (enforcement). Primary care clinicians can play a key role in promoting their patient's safety. Taken collectively, a focused attention on preventing unintentional home injuries by primary care providers can contribute to the reduction of injuries and result in optimal health for all.
在美国,意外伤害是一个长期存在的公共卫生问题。新的医疗保健格局有可能营造一种临床环境,促使医疗保健提供者更多地参与到伤害预防工作中。本文旨在提供证据,支持初级保健提供者参与家庭意外伤害预防的必要性,并举例说明如何实现这一点。我们非常清楚哪些人群面临特定类型伤害的风险。我们也知道,通过确保安全环境和促进安全行为的政策、项目和资源,可以预防许多伤害。例如,疾病控制与预防中心的STEADI(防止老年人事故、死亡和伤害)倡议包括为医疗保健提供者提供的临床决策支持工具和教育材料。两项已证明能减少儿童跌倒的有效干预措施是重新设计婴儿学步车(工程学)和强制使用窗户防护装置(执法)。初级保健临床医生在促进患者安全方面可以发挥关键作用。总体而言,初级保健提供者集中精力预防家庭意外伤害有助于减少伤害,为所有人带来最佳健康状态。