Wood Joanne M, Black Alex A
School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Clin Exp Optom. 2016 Sep;99(5):395-401. doi: 10.1111/cxo.12391. Epub 2016 May 7.
As the driving population ages, the number of drivers with visual impairment resulting from ocular disease will increase given the age-related prevalence of ocular disease. The increase in visual impairment in the driving population has a number of implications for driving outcomes. This review summarises current research regarding the impact of common ocular diseases on driving ability and safety, with particular focus on cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, hemianopia and diabetic retinopathy. The evidence considered includes self-reported driving outcomes, driving performance (on-road and simulator-based) and various motor vehicle crash indices. Collectively, this review demonstrates that driving ability and safety are negatively affected by ocular disease; however, further research is needed in this area. Older drivers with ocular disease need to be aware of the negative consequences of their ocular condition and in the case where treatment options are available, encouraged to seek these earlier for optimum driving safety and quality of life benefits.
随着驾驶人群的老龄化，鉴于与年龄相关的眼部疾病患病率，因眼部疾病导致视力受损的驾驶员数量将会增加。驾驶人群中视力受损情况的增加对驾驶结果有诸多影响。本综述总结了当前关于常见眼部疾病对驾驶能力和安全性影响的研究，特别关注白内障、青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性、偏盲和糖尿病视网膜病变。所考虑的证据包括自我报告的驾驶结果、驾驶表现（道路驾驶和基于模拟器的驾驶）以及各种机动车碰撞指数。总体而言，本综述表明驾驶能力和安全性会受到眼部疾病的负面影响；然而，该领域仍需进一步研究。患有眼部疾病的老年驾驶员需要意识到其眼部状况的负面后果，并且在有可用治疗方案的情况下，应鼓励他们尽早寻求治疗，以获得最佳的驾驶安全性和生活质量益处。
