Bossi Arthur Henrique, Lima Pedro, Lima Jorge Perrout de, Hopker James
a Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos , Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
b School of Sport and Exercise Sciences , University of Kent , Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent , England , UK.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Jul;35(14):1364-1371. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1182199. Epub 2016 May 7.
This study aimed to assess the relationship between an uphill time-trial (TT) performance and both aerobic and anaerobic parameters obtained from laboratory tests. Fifteen cyclists performed a Wingate anaerobic test, a graded exercise test (GXT) and a field-based 20-min TT with 2.7% mean gradient. After a 5-week non-supervised training period, 10 of them performed a second TT for analysis of pacing reproducibility. Stepwise multiple regressions demonstrated that 91% of TT mean power output variation (W kg) could be explained by peak oxygen uptake (ml kgmin) and the respiratory compensation point (W kg), with standardised beta coefficients of 0.64 and 0.39, respectively. The agreement between mean power output and power at respiratory compensation point showed a bias ± random error of 16.2 ± 51.8 W or 5.7 ± 19.7%. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of the time interval (123.1 ± 8.7; 97.8 ± 1.2 and 94.0 ± 7.2% of mean power output, for epochs 0-2, 2-18 and 18-20 min, respectively; P < 0.001), characterising a positive pacing profile. This study indicates that an uphill, 20-min TT-type performance is correlated to aerobic physiological GXT variables and that cyclists adopt reproducible pacing strategies when they are tested 5 weeks apart (coefficients of variation of 6.3; 1 and 4%, for 0-2, 2-18 and 18-20 min, respectively).
本研究旨在评估爬坡计时赛（TT）成绩与通过实验室测试获得的有氧和无氧参数之间的关系。15名自行车运动员进行了温盖特无氧测试、递增运动测试（GXT）以及平均坡度为2.7%的20分钟实地TT。在为期5周的无监督训练期后，其中10人进行了第二次TT，以分析配速的可重复性。逐步多元回归表明，TT平均功率输出变化（W/kg）的91%可由峰值摄氧量（ml/kg·min）和呼吸补偿点（W/kg）解释，标准化β系数分别为0.64和0.39。平均功率输出与呼吸补偿点功率之间的一致性显示偏差±随机误差为16.2±51.8W或5.7±19.7%。单因素重复测量方差分析显示时间间隔有显著影响（分别为平均功率输出的123.1±8.7%、97.8±1.2%和94.0±7.2%，对应于0 - 2分钟、2 - 18分钟和18 - 20分钟时段；P<0.001），表明是一种积极的配速模式。本研究表明，20分钟爬坡TT类型的成绩与有氧生理GXT变量相关，并且自行车运动员在相隔5周进行测试时采用可重复的配速策略（0 - 2分钟、2 - 18分钟和18 - 20分钟的变异系数分别为6.3%、1%和4%）。
