De Araújo Moury Fernandes Guilherme Corrêa, Barbosa Junior José G G, Seffrin Aldo, Vivan Lavínia, de Lira Claudio A B, Vancini Rodrigo L, Weiss Katja, Knechtle Beat, Andrade Marilia S
Sports Medicine Residency Program, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, São Paulo, Brazil.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Feb 1;11(3):418. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11030418.
Maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), ventilatory threshold (VT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP) can be used to monitor the training intensity and the race strategy, and the elucidation of the specificities existing between the sexes can be interesting for coaches and athletes. The aim of the study was to compare ventilatory threshold (VT), respiratory compensation point (RCP), and the percentage of the maximal aerobic speed (MAS) that can be maintained in a triathlon race between sexes. Forty-one triathletes (22 men and 19 women), 42.1 ± 8.4 (26 to 60) years old, that raced the same Olympic triathlon underwent a cardiorespiratory maximal treadmill test to assess their VT, RPC, and MAS, and race speed. The maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) (54.0 ± 5.1 vs. 49.8 ± 7.7 mL/kg/min, < 0.001) and MAS (17 ± 2 vs. 15 ± 2 km/h, = 0.001) were significantly higher in male than in female athletes. Conversely, there were no sex differences according to the percentage of V˙O2max reached at VT (74.4 ± 4.9 vs. 76.1 ± 5.4%, = 0.298) and RCP (89.9 ± 3.6 vs. 90.6 ± 4.0%, = 0.560). The mean speed during the race did not differ between sexes (12.1 ± 1.7 km/h and 11.7 ± 1.8 km/h, = 0.506, respectively). Finally, men performed the running split at a lower percentage of speed at RCP than women (84.0 ± 8.7 vs. 91.2 ± 7.0%, respectively, = 0.005). Therefore, male and female athletes accomplished the running split in an Olympic triathlon distance at distinct relative intensities, as female athletes run at a higher RCP percentage.
最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）、通气阈（VT）和呼吸补偿点（RCP）可用于监测训练强度和比赛策略，而阐明男女之间存在的差异对教练和运动员来说可能很有意义。本研究的目的是比较男女在铁人三项比赛中的通气阈（VT）、呼吸补偿点（RCP）以及能够维持的最大有氧速度（MAS）百分比。41名铁人三项运动员（22名男性和19名女性），年龄42.1±8.4岁（26至60岁），参加了同一场奥运会铁人三项比赛，他们接受了心肺功能最大跑步机测试，以评估其VT、RPC和MAS以及比赛速度。男性运动员的最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）（54.0±5.1对49.8±7.7毫升/千克/分钟，<0.001）和MAS（17±2对15±2千米/小时，=0.001）显著高于女性运动员。相反，根据VT时达到的V˙O2max百分比（74.4±4.9对76.1±5.4%，=0.298）和RCP（89.9±3.6对90.6±4.0%，=0.560），没有性别差异。比赛期间的平均速度在男女之间没有差异（分别为12.1±1.7千米/小时和11.7±1.8千米/小时，=0.506）。最后，男性在RCP时跑步分段的速度百分比低于女性（分别为84.0±8.7对91.2±7.0%，=0.005）。因此，男女运动员在奥运会铁人三项距离的跑步分段中以不同的相对强度完成，因为女性运动员在更高的RCP百分比下跑步。
