Peinado Ana B, Romero-Parra Nuria, Rojo-Tirado Miguel A, Cupeiro Rocío, Butragueño Javier, Castro Eliane A, Calderón Francisco J, Benito Pedro J
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Mar 1;13(3):268-273. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0768. Epub 2018 Feb 15.
While a number of studies have researched road-cycling performance, few have attempted to investigate the physiological response in field conditions.
To describe the physiological and performance profile of an uphill time trial (TT) frequently used in cycling competitions.
Fourteen elite road cyclists (mean ± SD age 25 ± 6 y, height 174 ± 4.2 cm, body mass 64.4 ± 6.1 kg, fat mass 7.48% ± 2.82%) performed a graded exercise test to exhaustion to determine maximal parameters. They then completed a field-based uphill TT in a 9.2-km first-category mountain pass with a 7.1% slope. Oxygen uptake (VO), power output, heart rate (HR), lactate concentration, and perceived-exertion variables were measured throughout the field-based test.
During the uphill TT, mean power output and velocity were 302 ± 7 W (4.2 ± 0.1 W/kg) and 18.7 ± 1.6 km/h, respectively. Mean VO and HR were 61.6 ± 2.0 mL · kg · min and 178 ± 2 beats/min, respectively. Values were significantly affected by the 1st, 2nd, 6th, and final kilometers (P < .05). Lactate concentration and perceived exertion were 10.87 ± 1.12 mmol/L and 19.1 ± 0.1, respectively, at the end of the test, being significantly different from baseline measures.
The studied uphill TT is performed at 90% of maximum HR and VO and 70% of maximum power output. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study assessing cardiorespiratory parameters combined with measures of performance, perceived exertion, and biochemical variables during a field-based uphill TT in elite cyclists.
虽然已有多项研究对公路自行车运动表现进行了研究，但很少有人尝试在野外条件下研究生理反应。
描述自行车比赛中常用的上坡计时赛（TT）的生理和运动表现特征。
14名精英公路自行车运动员（平均年龄±标准差25±6岁，身高174±4.2厘米，体重64.4±6.1千克，体脂7.48%±2.82%）进行递增运动试验直至力竭，以确定最大参数。然后，他们在一段坡度为7.1%、长9.2公里的一级山口完成了一次基于实地的上坡计时赛。在整个实地测试过程中，测量了摄氧量（VO）、功率输出、心率（HR）、乳酸浓度和主观用力变量。
在上坡计时赛中，平均功率输出和速度分别为302±7瓦（4.2±0.1瓦/千克）和18.7±1.6公里/小时。平均VO和HR分别为61.6±2.0毫升·千克·分钟和178±2次/分钟。这些值在第1、2、6和最后一公里受到显著影响（P<0.05）。测试结束时，乳酸浓度和主观用力程度分别为10.87±1.12毫摩尔/升和19.1±0.1，与基线测量值有显著差异。
所研究的上坡计时赛是在最大心率和VO的9%以及最大功率输出的70%下进行的。据作者所知，这是第一项评估精英自行车运动员在基于实地的上坡计时赛中结合运动表现、主观用力程度和生化变量测量的心肺参数的研究。
