Wrona Hailey L, Zerega Ryan, King Victoria G, Reiter Charles R, Odum Susan, Manifold Devon, Latorre Karyn, Sell Timothy C
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, NC 28207, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2023 Mar 31;11(4):77. doi: 10.3390/sports11040077.
Clinicians frequently assess asymmetry in strength, flexibility, and performance characteristics as a method of screening for potential musculoskeletal injury. The identification of asymmetry in countermovement jumps may be an ideal method to reveal asymmetry in other lower extremity characteristics such as strength that otherwise may require additional testing, potentially reducing the time and burden on both the athlete and clinicians. The present study aims to examine the ability of asymmetry in both the single-leg and two-leg countermovement jump tests to accurately detect hip abduction, hip adduction, and eccentric hamstring strength asymmetry. Fifty-eight young male elite soccer players from the same professional academy performed a full battery of functional performance tests which included an assessment of hip adductor and abductor strength profiles, eccentric hamstring strength profiles, and neuromuscular performance and asymmetries during countermovement jumps. Bilateral variables attained from both the single-leg and two-leg countermovement jump tests included concentric impulse (Ns), eccentric mean force (N), and concentric mean force (N) computed by the VALD ForceDecks software. Average maximal force (N) was calculated bilaterally for the strength assessments. Asymmetry was calculated for each variable using 100 × |(right leg - left leg)/(right leg)| and grouped into three categories: 0 to <10%, 10% to <20%, and 20% or greater. Analyses were performed for the two higher asymmetry groups. The accuracy to detect strength asymmetry was assessed as the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for positive and negative tests. The outcomes from the accuracy assessments suggest that the single-leg countermovement jump concentric impulse variable at the 20% threshold is indicative of a youth male soccer player having hip adduction strength asymmetry while also demonstrating more accuracy and applicability than the two-leg countermovement jump concentric impulse variable.
临床医生经常评估力量、柔韧性和运动表现特征的不对称性，以此作为筛查潜在肌肉骨骼损伤的一种方法。识别反向纵跳中的不对称性可能是揭示其他下肢特征（如力量）不对称性的理想方法，否则可能需要额外的测试，这有可能减少运动员和临床医生的时间和负担。本研究旨在检验单腿和双腿反向纵跳测试中的不对称性检测髋外展、髋内收和腘绳肌离心力量不对称性的能力。来自同一专业足球学院的58名年轻男性精英足球运动员进行了一系列全面的功能表现测试，包括髋内收肌和外展肌力量评估、腘绳肌离心力量评估，以及反向纵跳过程中的神经肌肉表现和不对称性评估。从单腿和双腿反向纵跳测试中获得的双侧变量包括由VALD ForceDecks软件计算的向心冲量（Ns）、离心平均力（N）和向心平均力（N）。力量评估双侧计算平均最大力（N）。使用100×|（右腿 - 左腿）/（右腿）|计算每个变量的不对称性，并分为三类：0至<10%、10%至<20%和20%或更高。对两个较高不对称性组进行分析。检测力量不对称性的准确性评估为阳性和阴性测试的敏感性、特异性和预测值。准确性评估的结果表明，20%阈值下单腿反向纵跳向心冲量变量表明青年男性足球运动员存在髋内收力量不对称性，同时也比双腿反向纵跳向心冲量变量表现出更高的准确性和适用性。
