Garbarino Sergio, Nobili Lino, Philip Pierre, Plazzi Giuseppe, Campus Claudio, Morrone Elisa, De Carli Fabrizio
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal-Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy.
Center of Sleep Medicine, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2016 Jul 15;12(7):1011-7. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.5938.
The study was aimed at estimating the effect of alcohol consumption, time of day, and their interaction on traffic crashes in a real regional context.
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) data were collected from drivers involved in traffic accidents during one year in an Italian region and in a control group of drivers over the same road network. Mean circadian sleep propensity was estimated from a previous study as function of time of day. Accident risk was analyzed by logistic regression as function of BAC and circadian sleep propensity.
BAC values greater than zero were found in 72.0% of the drivers involved in crashes and in 40.4% of the controls. Among the former 23.6% of the drivers exceeded the BAC legal threshold of 0.05 g/dL, while illegal values were found in 10.4% of the controls. The relative risk showed a significant increase with both BAC and circadian sleep propensity (as estimated from time of day) and their interaction was significant.
Due to the significant interaction, even low BAC levels strongly increased accident risk when associated with high sleep propensity.
本研究旨在评估在实际区域环境中，饮酒、一天中的时间及其相互作用对交通事故的影响。
收集了意大利某地区一年内交通事故中涉事驾驶员的血液酒精浓度（BAC）数据，以及同一道路网络上对照组驾驶员的BAC数据。根据之前的一项研究，估算出平均昼夜睡眠倾向作为一天中时间的函数。通过逻辑回归分析事故风险，将其作为BAC和昼夜睡眠倾向的函数。
在发生事故的驾驶员中，72.0%的人BAC值大于零，而对照组中这一比例为40.4%。在前者中，23.6%的驾驶员超过了0.05 g/dL的BAC法定阈值，而在对照组中，10.4%的人有非法值。相对风险随着BAC和昼夜睡眠倾向（根据一天中的时间估算）均显著增加，且它们的相互作用显著。
由于显著的相互作用，即使BAC水平较低，与高睡眠倾向相关时也会大幅增加事故风险。
