Della Lucia Ceres M, Rodrigues Kellen Cristina C, Rodrigues Vivian Cristina C, Santos Laura Luiza M, Cardoso Leandro M, Martino Hércia S D, Franceschini Sylvia C C, Pinheiro-Sant'Ana Helena Maria
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Purdue, Campus, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Av. Doutor Raimundo Monteiro Rezende, 330, Downtown, Governador Valadares, MG 35.010-177, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2016 May 14;8(5):296. doi: 10.3390/nu8050296.
Feeding is indicative of the nutritional status of children, however micronutrient deficiency is common in this age group. We evaluated the impact of inclusion of rice (Ultra Rice(®) (UR(®))) fortified with iron, zinc, thiamin and folic acid on laboratory measurements and the nutrient intake of children. Ninety-nine preschoolers (2-6 years; 42.6% male) from two preschools participated, one of which received UR(®) added to polished rice as part of school meals (test preschool) and the other received only polished rice (control preschool). Biochemical evaluations were performed before and after four months of intervention. Feeding was assessed by direct weighing of food, complemented by 24-h recalls, and the diet was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) adapted to the Brazilian reality. The fortified rice improved the levels of zinc (p < 0.001), thiamine (p < 0.001), folic acid (p = 0.003), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p < 0.001) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001). The inadequacy percentages of thiamine, folic acid and iron were lower among preschoolers from the test preschool. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of using UR(®) on laboratory measurements of children. The inadequate intake of thiamine, folic acid and iron was also reduced, making the fortified rice an interesting strategy in school feeding programs.
喂养情况可反映儿童的营养状况，然而该年龄组中微量营养素缺乏情况较为常见。我们评估了添加铁、锌、硫胺素和叶酸的强化米（超级米（®）（UR（®）））对儿童实验室检测指标及营养素摄入量的影响。来自两所幼儿园的99名学龄前儿童（2至6岁；42.6%为男性）参与了研究，其中一所幼儿园将UR（®）添加到精米中作为学校膳食的一部分（试验幼儿园），另一所幼儿园仅提供精米（对照幼儿园）。在干预四个月前后进行了生化评估。通过直接称量食物并辅以24小时回顾法评估喂养情况，采用根据巴西实际情况调整的健康饮食指数（HEI）评估饮食。强化米提高了锌（p < 0.001）、硫胺素（p < 0.001）、叶酸（p = 0.003）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（p < 0.001）和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（p < 0.001）的水平。试验幼儿园学龄前儿童硫胺素、叶酸和铁的摄入不足百分比更低。本研究证明了使用UR（®）对儿童进行实验室检测的有效性。硫胺素、叶酸和铁的摄入不足情况也有所减少，这使得强化米成为学校供餐计划中一项有吸引力的策略。
