Enzymatic changes in the cerebrospinal fluid as indices of pathological change.

Enzymatic determinations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and creatine kinase BB (CK-BB) were performed on 94 patients presenting with a range of disorders of the central nervous system. Enzyme results from 37 patients undergoing myelography were used as controls. The highest concentration of these enzymes appeared in patients with the most severe brain injury. In head-injured patients with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 3 to 7, only the CK-BB correlated with the degree of injury and with the ultimate outcome. Within the subgroup of spinal cord injuries none of the enzymes correlated with the severity of neurological injury. However, patients with acute spinal cord trauma who demonstrated CSF CK-BB values greater than 10 U/litre had never recovered. The present study confirms that CSF CK-BB seems to be a sensitive index of acute brain damage, but it reflects best the extent of CNS tissue disruption rather than the severity of neurological deficits.