Adamopoulos Christos, Gargalionis Antonios N, Basdra Efthimia K, Papavassiliou Athanasios G
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2016 Jun;241(12):1296-305. doi: 10.1177/1535370216648806. Epub 2016 May 6.
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent type of primary bone tumors among children and adolescents. During the past years, little progress has been made regarding prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, especially for those with metastatic disease. Genomic instability and gene alterations are common, but current data do not reveal a consistent and repeatable pattern of osteosarcoma development, thus paralleling the tumor's high heterogeneity. Critical signal transduction pathways have been implicated in osteosarcoma pathobiology and are being evaluated as therapeutic targets, including receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB (RANK), Wnt, Notch, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin, and mechanotransduction pathways. Herein, we recapitulate and discuss recent advances in the context of molecular mechanisms and signaling networks that contribute to osteosarcoma progression and metastasis, towards patient-tailored and novel-targeted treatments.
骨肉瘤是儿童和青少年中最常见的原发性骨肿瘤类型。在过去几年中，骨肉瘤患者的预后几乎没有进展，尤其是那些患有转移性疾病的患者。基因组不稳定和基因改变很常见，但目前的数据并未揭示骨肉瘤发展的一致且可重复的模式，因此与肿瘤的高度异质性相似。关键信号转导通路已被认为与骨肉瘤病理生物学有关，并正在作为治疗靶点进行评估，包括核因子κB受体激活剂（RANK）、Wnt、Notch、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白以及机械转导通路。在此，我们概述并讨论了在分子机制和信号网络背景下的最新进展，这些进展有助于骨肉瘤的进展和转移，以实现针对患者的新型靶向治疗。
