Graham Christopher D, Gouick Joanna, Ferreira Nuno, Gillanders David
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds.
Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, NHS Lothian, Astley Ainslie Hospital.
Rehabil Psychol. 2016 May;61(2):210-7. doi: 10.1037/rep0000092.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), a newer type of behavior therapy that targets psychological flexibility, may have particular utility in the context of muscle disorders. However, there has been no formal investigation of psychological flexibility in this population. This longitudinal observational study investigated whether psychological flexibility is cross-sectionally related to, and prospectively influential on, life satisfaction and mood in muscle disorders.
Data were collected via online questionnaire batteries, completed at baseline and then repeated 4 months later. Cross-sectional and prospective regression analyses examined relationships between validated measures of disability level, psychological flexibility (experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, and valued living) and illness perceptions (a psychological variable with known influence in muscle disorders), and outcomes (life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression).
A sample of 137 people with a range of muscle disorders participated. In cross-sectional analyses, psychological flexibility explained significant unique variance in addition to illness perceptions (ΔR2 = 0.17-0.34, p < .001). In prospective analyses, psychological flexibility alone was predictive of change in life satisfaction (ΔR2 = 0.04, p = .01) and anxiety (ΔR2 = 0.03, p = .04) over 4 months. No independent variables were predictive of change in depression over 4 months, and disability level had no significant influence on outcomes.
Psychological flexibility influences important outcomes in muscle disorders. Experimental studies are required to establish if increased psychological flexibility leads to improved outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record
目的/目标：接纳与承诺疗法（ACT）是一种新型行为疗法，旨在提高心理灵活性，在肌肉疾病领域可能具有特殊作用。然而，尚未对该人群的心理灵活性进行正式研究。这项纵向观察性研究调查了心理灵活性在肌肉疾病患者中与生活满意度和情绪的横断面关系，以及对其的前瞻性影响。
通过在线问卷收集数据，在基线时完成，4个月后重复进行。横断面和前瞻性回归分析检验了残疾水平、心理灵活性（经验性回避、认知融合和有价值的生活）和疾病认知（在肌肉疾病中有已知影响的心理变量）的有效测量指标与结果（生活满意度、焦虑和抑郁）之间的关系。
137名患有多种肌肉疾病的患者参与了研究。在横断面分析中，除疾病认知外，心理灵活性解释了显著的独特变异（ΔR2 = 0.17 - 0.34，p <.001）。在前瞻性分析中，仅心理灵活性就能预测4个月内生活满意度（ΔR2 = 0.04，p =.01）和焦虑（ΔR2 = 0.03，p =.04）的变化。没有自变量能预测4个月内抑郁的变化，残疾水平对结果没有显著影响。
心理灵活性会影响肌肉疾病的重要结果。需要进行实验研究来确定心理灵活性的提高是否会导致更好的结果。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
