Ishikawa Kenta, Okubo Matia
Center for Psychological Science, Institute for the Development of Social Intelligence, Senshu University Kawasaki, Japan.
Department of Psychology, Senshu University Kawasaki, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2016 Apr 29;7:611. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00611. eCollection 2016.
It is known that threatening stimuli increase emotional arousal, resulting in overestimating the subjective experience of passing time. Moreover, facial expressions and gaze direction interact to create socially threatening situations in people with social anxiety. The present study investigated the effect of social anxiety on the perceived duration of observing emotional faces with a direct or an averted gaze. Participants were divided into high, medium and low social anxiety groups based on social anxiety inventory scores. Participants then performed a temporal bisection task. Participants with high social anxiety provided larger overestimates for neutral faces with an averted gaze than those with low social anxiety in the second half of the task, whereas these differences were not found for angry face with direct and averted gaze. These results suggest that people with social anxiety perceive the duration of threatening situations as being longer than true durations based on objectively measured time.
众所周知，威胁性刺激会增加情绪唤起，导致对时间流逝的主观体验高估。此外，面部表情和注视方向相互作用，在社交焦虑症患者中营造出具有社会威胁性的情境。本研究调查了社交焦虑对观察直接注视或回避注视的情绪面孔时感知持续时间的影响。根据社交焦虑量表得分，将参与者分为高、中、低社交焦虑组。然后，参与者执行了一个时间二分任务。在任务的后半部分，高社交焦虑的参与者对回避注视的中性面孔的高估程度比低社交焦虑的参与者更大，而对于直接注视和回避注视的愤怒面孔，未发现这些差异。这些结果表明，社交焦虑症患者将威胁性情境的持续时间感知为比基于客观测量时间的真实持续时间更长。
