Ammer Stefanie, Lambertz Christian, Gauly Matthias
Department of Animal Sciences,Georg-August-University Göttingen,Germany.
Faculty of Science and Technology,Free University of Bolzano,Italy.
J Dairy Res. 2016 May;83(2):165-72. doi: 10.1017/S0022029916000182.
The aim of the research described here was to compare different methods of body temperature (BT) measurements in dairy cows. It was hypothesised that reticular temperature (RET) values reflect the physiological status of the animals in an equivalent way to rectal (RT) and vaginal (VT) measurements. RT, VT and RET temperatures of twelve lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were measured over five consecutive days in June and October 2013. While RT and VT were manually measured three times a day, RET was automatically recorded at 10 min intervals using a bolus in the reticulum. For comparison with RT and VT, different RET values were used: single values at the respective recording times (RET-SIN), and mean (RET-MEAN) and median (RET-MED) values of 2 h prior to RT and VT measurements. Overall, body temperatures averaged 38·1 ± 0·6, 38·2 ± 0·4, 38·7 ± 0·9, 38·5 ± 0·7 and 38·7 ± 0·5 °C for RT, VT, RET-SIN, RET-MEAN and RET-MED, respectively. RT and VT were lower than all RET measurements, while RET-SIN and RET-MED were higher than RET-MEAN (P < 0·001). RET-MEAN and RET-MED values were higher in the morning, whereas RT and VT were greatest in the evening (P < 0·001). Overall, records of RT and VT were strongly correlated (r = 0·75; P < 0·001). In contrast to RET-SIN and RET-MEAN, RET-MED was higher correlated to RT and VT. In June, coefficients were higher between all methods than in October. Relation of barn T to RT and VT was stronger when compared to RET measurements. RET-SIN was higher correlated to barn T than RET-MEAN or RET-MED. Correlation between VT and barn T was strongest (r = 0·48; P < 0·001). In summary, RET-MED showed highest correlation with VT and RT. However, single RET measurements (influenced by water or feed intake) can lead to extreme variations and differences to single VT and RT values.
本文所述研究的目的是比较奶牛体温（BT）测量的不同方法。研究假设网胃温度（RET）值反映动物生理状态的方式与直肠温度（RT）和阴道温度（VT）测量等效。在2013年6月和10月连续五天测量了12头泌乳期荷斯坦 - 弗里生奶牛的RT、VT和RET温度。RT和VT每天手动测量三次，而RET使用置于网胃的药丸以10分钟的间隔自动记录。为了与RT和VT进行比较，使用了不同的RET值：各记录时间的单个值（RET - SIN），以及RT和VT测量前2小时的平均值（RET - MEAN）和中位数（RET - MED）值。总体而言，RT、VT、RET - SIN、RET - MEAN和RET - MED的体温平均分别为38.1±0.6、38.2±0.4、38.7±0.9、38.5±0.7和38.7±0.5°C。RT和VT低于所有RET测量值，而RET - SIN和RET - MED高于RET - MEAN（P <0.001）。RET - MEAN和RET - MED值在早晨较高，而RT和VT在晚上最高（P <0.001）。总体而言，RT和VT的记录高度相关（r = 0.75；P <0.001）。与RET - SIN和RET - MEAN相比，RET - MED与RT和VT的相关性更高。6月时，所有方法之间的系数高于10月。与RET测量相比，畜舍温度（barn T）与RT和VT的关系更强。RET - SIN与畜舍温度的相关性高于RET - MEAN或RET - MED。VT与畜舍温度之间的相关性最强（r = 0.48；P <0.001）。总之，RET - MED与VT和RT的相关性最高。然而，单个RET测量值（受饮水或采食量影响）可能导致与单个VT和RT值产生极大差异。
