Otten Marte, Seth Anil K, Pinto Yair
Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom; University of Amsterdam, Brain & Cognition, The Netherlands.
Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom.
Brain Cogn. 2017 Mar;112:69-77. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.05.002. Epub 2016 May 21.
A growing body of research suggests that social contextual factors such as desires and goals, affective states and stereotypes can shape early perceptual processes. We suggest that a generative Bayesian approach towards perception provides a powerful theoretical framework to accommodate how such high-level social factors can influence low-level perceptual processes in their earliest stages. We review experimental findings that show how social factors shape the perception and evaluation of people, behaviour, and socially relevant objects or information. Subsequently, we summarize the generative view of perception within the 'Bayesian brain', and show how such a framework can account for the pervasive effects of top-down social knowledge on social cognition. Finally, we sketch the theoretical and experimental implications of social predictive perception, indicating new directions for research on the effects and neurocognitive underpinnings of social cognition.
越来越多的研究表明，诸如欲望和目标、情感状态及刻板印象等社会背景因素能够塑造早期的感知过程。我们认为，一种生成式贝叶斯感知方法提供了一个强大的理论框架，以阐释这类高层次社会因素如何能在其最早期阶段影响低层次感知过程。我们回顾了实验结果，这些结果展示了社会因素如何塑造对人、行为以及与社会相关的物体或信息的感知和评价。随后，我们总结了“贝叶斯大脑”中感知的生成观点，并说明这样一个框架如何能够解释自上而下的社会知识对社会认知的普遍影响。最后，我们简述了社会预测性感知的理论和实验意义，指出了关于社会认知的影响及神经认知基础研究的新方向。
