School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2024 Jun;77(6):1312-1331. doi: 10.1177/17470218231196861. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
This article investigates the use of performance-related feedback as a strategy for overcoming spontaneous occupational stereotyping when certain social role nouns and professional terms are read. Across two studies participants were presented with two terms: a role noun (e.g., surgeon) and a kinship term (e.g., mother) and asked to quickly decide whether both terms could refer to the same person. The feedback training involved telling participants whether their responses were correct or incorrect and providing them with their cumulative percentage correct score. In the absence of feedback, responding to stereotype-incongruent pairings was typically slower and less accurate than in stereotype-congruent and neutral conditions. However, the results demonstrated that performance significantly improved to stimuli on which participants received the feedback training (Experiment 1), and to a novel set of stimuli (Experiment 2). In addition, the effects were still evident 1 week later (Experiment 2). It is concluded that performance-related feedback is a valuable strategy for overcoming spontaneous activation of occupational stereotypes and can result in lower levels of stereotype use.
本文研究了使用绩效反馈作为一种策略，以克服在阅读某些社会角色名词和专业术语时自发产生的职业刻板印象。在两项研究中，参与者被呈现两个术语：一个角色名词（例如，外科医生）和一个亲属术语（例如，母亲），并被要求快速判断这两个术语是否可以指同一个人。反馈培训包括告诉参与者他们的回答是正确还是错误，并向他们提供累计正确百分比得分。在没有反馈的情况下，对不符合刻板印象的配对的反应通常比符合刻板印象和中性条件的反应更慢且更不准确。然而，结果表明，参与者接受反馈培训的刺激（实验 1）和一组新的刺激（实验 2）的表现显著提高。此外，1 周后（实验 2）仍能观察到效果。因此可以得出结论，绩效反馈是克服职业刻板印象自发激活的一种有效策略，可以降低刻板印象的使用程度。
