Gobbi Erica, Elliot Catherine, Varnier Maurizio, Carraro Attilio
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2016 May 26;11(5):e0156354. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156354. eCollection 2016.
The purpose of this research was to assess an Italian version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C-It). Three separate studies were conducted, whereby testing general psychometric properties, construct validity, concurrent validity and the factor structure of the PAQ-C-It among general and clinical pediatric population. Study 1 (n = 1170) examined the psychometric properties, internal consistency, factor structure (exploratory factor analysis, EFA) and construct validity with enjoyment perception during physical activity. Study 2 (n = 59) reported on reliability, construct validity with enjoyment and BMI, and on cross-sectional concurrent validity with objectively measured MVPA (tri-axial accelerometry) over the span of seven consecutive days. Study 3 (n = 58) examined the PAQ-C-It reliability, construct validity with BMI and VO2max as the objective measurement among a population of children with congenital heart defects (CHD). In study 2 and 3, the factor structure of the PAQ-C-It was then re-examined with an EFA. The PAQ-C-It showed acceptable to good reliability (alpha .70 to .83). Results on construct validity showed moderate but significant association with enjoyment perception (r = .30 and .36), with BMI (r = -.30 and -.79 for CHD simple form), and with the VO2max (r = .55 for CHD simple form). Significant concurrent validity with the objectively measured MVPA was reported (rho = .30, p < .05). Findings of the EFA suggested a two-factor structure for the PAQ-C-It, with items 2, 3, and 4 contributing little to the total score. This study supports the PAQ-C-It as an appropriate instrument to assess the MVPA levels of Italian children, including children with simple forms of CHD. Support is given to the possible instrument effectiveness on a large international perspective in order to level out data gathering across the globe.
本研究旨在评估一份针对大龄儿童的《身体活动问卷》意大利语版本（PAQ-C-It）。研究分三个部分进行，分别测试了PAQ-C-It在普通儿科人群和临床儿科人群中的一般心理测量学特性、结构效度、同时效度以及因子结构。研究1（n = 1170）考察了心理测量学特性、内部一致性、因子结构（探索性因子分析，EFA）以及身体活动过程中愉悦感认知的结构效度。研究2（n = 59）报告了该问卷的信度、愉悦感和BMI的结构效度，以及连续七天通过客观测量的中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA，三轴加速度计测量）的横断面同时效度。研究3（n = 58）在患有先天性心脏病（CHD）的儿童群体中，以BMI和最大摄氧量（VO2max）作为客观测量指标，考察了PAQ-C-It的信度和结构效度。在研究2和3中，随后通过EFA重新检验了PAQ-C-It的因子结构。PAQ-C-It显示出可接受的至良好的信度（α系数为0.70至0.83）。结构效度结果显示，该问卷与愉悦感认知（r = 0.30和0.36）、BMI（CHD简单形式的r = -0.30和-0.79）以及VO2max（CHD简单形式的r = 0.55）之间存在中度但显著的关联。报告显示该问卷与客观测量的MVPA具有显著的同时效度（rho = 0.30，p < 0.05）。EFA结果表明PAQ-C-It具有两因素结构，其中第2、3和4项对总分贡献不大。本研究支持将PAQ-C-It作为评估意大利儿童（包括患有简单形式CHD的儿童）MVPA水平的合适工具。从大型国际视角来看，该工具的有效性得到了支持，以便在全球范围内统一数据收集。
