Mousa Aya, Abell Sally, Scragg Robert, de Courten Barbora
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Semin Reprod Med. 2016 Mar;34(2):e1-13. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1583529. Epub 2016 May 26.
Vitamin D has been primarily known for its role in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting healthy bone mineralization. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D may have a plethora of other functions including cardiometabolic and immunological effects and a role in modulating human reproductive processes. Despite this, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) remains highly prevalent worldwide due to the limited availability of foods that are naturally high or fortified with vitamin D, increased sun avoidance behaviors and use of sunscreen due to fear of skin cancer, and increased sedentary indoor lifestyles, especially among those of reproductive age. This review examines current and emerging evidence for the role of vitamin D in reproductive health including in fertility, conception, and pregnancy outcomes, and outlines areas for future research. We found that existing evidence is based primarily on animal models and in vitro studies with some recent support from observational studies in humans. While these studies indicate that VDD may be a risk factor for adverse fertility and pregnancy outcomes, there is insufficient evidence to establish causality. Future efforts to clarify the benefits of vitamin D in reproductive health may bring about practical, simple, and cost-effective means of improving fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
维生素D主要因其在维持钙和磷稳态以及促进健康的骨矿化方面的作用而闻名。新出现的证据表明，维生素D可能具有大量其他功能，包括对心脏代谢和免疫的影响以及在调节人类生殖过程中的作用。尽管如此，由于天然富含或强化维生素D的食物供应有限、因担心皮肤癌而增加的避光行为和防晒霜的使用，以及久坐不动的室内生活方式增多，尤其是在育龄人群中，维生素D缺乏症（VDD）在全球范围内仍然非常普遍。这篇综述探讨了维生素D在生殖健康中的作用，包括生育、受孕和妊娠结局方面的现有及新出现的证据，并概述了未来的研究领域。我们发现，现有证据主要基于动物模型和体外研究，最近有一些来自人类观察性研究的支持。虽然这些研究表明VDD可能是不良生育和妊娠结局的一个危险因素，但没有足够的证据来确定因果关系。未来为阐明维生素D在生殖健康中的益处所做的努力可能会带来切实可行、简单且具有成本效益的方法来改善生育和妊娠结局。
